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Emergency Department Critical Care pp 533–554Cite as

Care of the Newborn

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Abstract

The resuscitation of a distressed newborn is a specialty in itself, and most emergency physicians have limited experience in this field. This chapter reviews the critical points in the resuscitation of both term and preterm infants and provides a readily accessible guide to enable the emergency physician to provide delivery room and neonatal intensive care unit levels of care in the emergency department. We review the basic physiology of neonatal circulation as it transitions during birth and the complications that can occur with that process. We provide an extensive review of the neonatal resuscitation algorithm, and a guide for post-resuscitative care and definitive treatment. Additionally, there is a comprehensive description of the various procedures required during neonatal resuscitation from chest compressions to umbilical line placement.

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Abbreviations

ACLS:

Advanced Cardiac Life Support

AHA:

American Heart Association

CHD:

Congenital Heart Disease

CPAP:

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

ECMO:

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

ED:

Emergency Department

ELBW:

Extremely Low Birth Weight

ETCO2:

End-tidal Carbon Dioxide

ETI:

Endotracheal Intubation

ETT:

Endotracheal Tube

HIE:

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

IO:

Intraosseous

IVC:

Inferior Vena Cava

LBW:

Low Birth Weight

LMA:

Laryngeal Mask Airway

MAS:

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

MSAF:

Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

NICU:

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

NRP:

Neonatal Resuscitation Program

PALS:

Pediatric Advanced Life Support

PaO2:

Partial Pressure of Oxygen

PEEP:

Positive End Expiratory Pressure

PIP:

Positive Inspiratory Pressure

Pox:

Pulse Oximetry

PPHN:

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn

PPV:

Positive Pressure Ventilation

UV:

Umbilical Vein

VLBW:

Very Low Birth Weight

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Medstar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Morgen Bernius

  2. Department of Pediatrics, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Fernando Mena

Authors
  1. Morgen Bernius
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  2. Fernando Mena
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Joseph R. Shiber

  2. Resuscitation & Emergency Critical Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Scott D. Weingart

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Bernius, M., Mena, F. (2020). Care of the Newborn. In: Shiber, J., Weingart, S. (eds) Emergency Department Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_31

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28792-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28794-8

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