Abstract
Hypertensive complications are the result of acute and rapid elevations in blood pressure. These emergent issues include hypertensive crisis, hypertensive urgency/emergency, aortic dissection, hypertensive encephalopathy, and flash pulmonary edema. They may develop from a number of different etiologies and manifest across a variety of different organ systems causing both a diagnostic and a management challenge for the treating emergency medicine physician. This chapter will delineate some basic hypertensive complications and review management strategies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Marik PE, Rivera R. Hypertensive emergencies: an update. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2001;17:569–80.
Marik PE, Varon J. Hypertensive crises: challenges and management. Chest. 2007;131:1949–62.
Zampaglione B, Pascale C, Marchisio M, Cavallo-Perin P. Hypertensive urgencies and emergencies. Hypertension. 1996;27:144–7.
Price RS, Kasner SE. Hypertension and hypertensive emergency. In: Biller J, Ferro JM, editors. Handbook of clinical neurology, Vol. 119. Neurologic aspects of systemic disease part I. Edinburgh/London/New York: Elsevier; 2014. p. 161–7.
Rodriguez MA, Kumar SK, De Caro M. Hypertensive crisis. Cardiol Rev. 2010;18:102–7.
Vaughan CJ, Delanty N. Hypertensive emergencies. Lancet. 2000;356:411–7.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42:1206–52.
Cline DM, Machado AJ. Systemic and pulmonary hypertension. In: Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski JS, editors. Emergency medicine: a comprehensive study guide. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011. p. 411–50.
Adebayo O, Rogers RL. Hypertensive emergencies in the emergency department. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2015;33:539–51.
Rhoney D, Peacock WF. Intravenous therapy for hypertensive emergencies, part 1. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009;66:1343–52.
Rhoney D, Peacock WF. Intravenous therapy for hypertensive emergencies, part 2. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009;66:1448–57.
Salkic S, Brkic S, Batic-Mujanovic O. Emergency room treatment of hypertensive crises. Med Arch. 2015;69:302–6.
Wolf SJ, Lo B, Shih RD, Smith MD, Fesmire FM. Clincal policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients in the emergency department with asymptomatic elevated blood pressure. Ann Emerg Med. 2013;62:59–68.
Nienaber CA, Clough RE. Management of acute aortic dissection. Lancet. 2015;385:800–11.
Braverman AC. Diseases of the aorta. In: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonwo RO, editors. Braunwald’s heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2015. p. 1277–311.
Braverman AC. Acute aortic dissection: clinical update. Circulation. 2010;122:184–8.
Klompas M. Does this patient have an acute thoracic aortic dissection? JAMA. 2002;287:2262–72.
Fugate JE, Rabinstein AA. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology and outstanding questions. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14:914–25.
Thompson RJ, Sharp B, Pothof J, Hamedani A. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the emergency department: case series and literature review. West J Emerg Med. 2015;16:5–10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wendelsdorf, A., Wessman, B.T. (2020). Hypertensive Emergencies. In: Shiber, J., Weingart, S. (eds) Emergency Department Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28792-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28794-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)