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Beta maritima

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Abstract

Sea beet is an ideal plant species for evolutionary ecology studies. The range of variation is very large among its populations for life cycle and several life-history traits, such as the proportion of dormant seeds, mean life span, age at maturity, flowering time, day length requirement and vernalization requirement for flowering. These traits follow latitudinal patterns in France, of which many correlate with ecological factors. The range of variation of these traits, their geographical patterns, heritability and the ecology have been studied. A large potential for a genetic change in day length sensitivity has been observed experimentally, and a substantial genetic change in the flowering date within two decades has been reported, probably in line with the recent climate change. Sea beet also displays a geographical variation for some reproductive traits, that is, self-incompatibility and male-sterility. Sea beet exhibits two specific characteristics in its mating system when compared with the other species of the section: it is self-incompatible and gynodioecious. Gynodioecy is under cytonuclear control, sterilizing factors being encoded by the mitochondrial genome. Recent advances on the molecular characterization of the different male-sterilizing mitochondrial genomes found in beet are reported.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lab. Evolution Ecologie Paleontologie UMR CNRS 8198, Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, 59000, Lille, France

    Nina Hautekeete, Henk van Dijk & Pascal Touzet

  2. Formerly Stazione Sperimentale di Bieticoltura, Rovigo, Italy

    Enrico Biancardi

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  1. Nina Hautekeete
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  2. Henk van Dijk
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  3. Pascal Touzet
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  4. Enrico Biancardi
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Correspondence to Nina Hautekeete .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Formerly Stazione Sperimentale di Bieticoltura, Rovigo, Italy

    Enrico Biancardi

  2. Crop Research Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University (Formerly USDA-ARS), Fort Collins, CO, USA

    Leonard W. Panella

  3. USDA-ARS, Sugar Beet and Bean Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    J. Mitchell McGrath

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Hautekeete, N., van Dijk, H., Touzet, P., Biancardi, E. (2020). Physiology. In: Biancardi, E., Panella, L., McGrath, J. (eds) Beta maritima. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28748-1_4

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