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Osmoprotectant-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants pp 99–121Cite as

Exogenous Proline-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Possible Mechanisms

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Abstract

Plants are subjected to many stresses (salinity, drought, heavy metals, temperature, etc.) that may limit their growth. As a result, plants exhibit a variety of adaptive strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. Among those strategies, the accumulation of compatible solute such as proline is the most common defensive mechanism adopted. Indeed, proline plays a highly beneficial role as an osmolyte. In addition, proline helps to stabilize subcellular structures and acts as a metal chelator. Proline may also activate the cellular antioxidant system and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accordingly, application of exogenous proline was investigated on plants to induce tolerance. Therefore, under salt conditions, exogenous proline might alleviate growth inhibition and ameliorate photosynthetic activity, mineral nutrition, and water status. Furthermore, it may regulate osmotic potential and decrease the effect of toxic ions by activating the enzymatic antioxidant system. Exogenous proline applied under drought stress has successfully improved physiological performance. In these conditions, these applications increased proline accumulation in cells and therefore reduce cell osmotic potential and maintain turgor. This osmotic adjustment may help plants to improve their biomass. Finally, the beneficial role of exogenous proline was also proved in plants subjected to metal stress. This organic compound may reduce the phytotoxic effects of metals through the formation of proline-metal complexes and the stimulation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems. Besides, exogenous proline may protect plants subjected to metal contamination by stabilizing membranes and thereby preventing electrolyte leakage, improving water status, photosynthetic activity, and growth rate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Improvement of Olive Productivity and Fruit Trees, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Mohamed Zouari, Lina Trabelsi & Bechir Ben Rouina

  2. Laboratory of Amelioration and Protection of Olive Genetic Resources, Olive Tree Institute of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Ameni Ben Hassena

  3. University of Limoges, Limoges, France

    Raphaël Decou & Pascal Labrousse

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  1. Mohamed Zouari
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  2. Ameni Ben Hassena
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  3. Lina Trabelsi
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  4. Bechir Ben Rouina
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  5. Raphaël Decou
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  6. Pascal Labrousse
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Correspondence to Pascal Labrousse .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

    Mohammad Anwar Hossain

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Vinay Kumar

  3. Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand

    David J. Burritt

  4. Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Kagawa, Japan

    Masayuki Fujita

  5. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Pirjo S. A. Mäkelä

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Zouari, M., Hassena, A.B., Trabelsi, L., Rouina, B.B., Decou, R., Labrousse, P. (2019). Exogenous Proline-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Possible Mechanisms. In: Hossain, M., Kumar, V., Burritt, D., Fujita, M., Mäkelä, P. (eds) Osmoprotectant-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27423-8_4

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