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Patterns of Species Richness, Range Size, and Their Environmental Correlates for South American Anurans

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Book cover Biogeographic Patterns of South American Anurans

Abstract

Species richness and range size gradients have been correlated with environmental conditions at broad spatial scales, yet these effects are commonly context-dependent for different geographical regions. Here we assembled range maps of South American anurans and used spatial and nonspatial regressions to assess the potential influences of environmental variables on the gradients of species richness and range sizes. Additionally, we evaluated the consistency of these environmental drivers separately for temperate/subtropical and tropical regions of South America. We found that vegetation structure, temperature, and energy-water balance were the strongest predictors of species richness at the continental scale; temperature, productivity, and elevation were the best predictors for range size. Explanatory power of predictors shifted across different regions of the continent: in the tropical, vegetation structure was the strongest correlate of species richness, and in the temperate/subtropical, temperature and energy-water balance were the most important predictors. As for range size, elevation and temperature were the best predictors in the tropical region, whereas temperature seasonality was the strongest predictor in the temperate/subtropical region. Our results support the idea that different environmental filters can vary according to the latitude, reinforcing the relevance of evaluating patterns at multiple spatial scales to understand environmental drivers of biodiversity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors have been continuously supported by research grants and/or fellowships from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2011/18510-0; 2013/50714-0; 2016/13949-7), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 2037/2014-9; 431012/2016-4; 308687/2016-17; 114613/2018-4), and University Research and Scientific Production Support Program of the Goias State University (PROBIP/UEG). Prof. Dr. Fabrício Barreto Teresa (UEG) read critically the first version of this manuscript and provided insightful comments that improved it.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil

    Tiago S. Vasconcelos

  2. Federal University of São Carlos (UFScar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fernando R. da Silva

  3. Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Tiago G. dos Santos

  4. Goiás State University (UEG), Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil

    Vitor H. M. Prado

  5. Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

    Diogo B. Provete

Authors
  1. Tiago S. Vasconcelos
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  2. Fernando R. da Silva
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  3. Tiago G. dos Santos
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  4. Vitor H. M. Prado
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  5. Diogo B. Provete
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Vasconcelos, T.S., da Silva, F.R., dos Santos, T.G., Prado, V.H.M., Provete, D.B. (2019). Patterns of Species Richness, Range Size, and Their Environmental Correlates for South American Anurans. In: Biogeographic Patterns of South American Anurans. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26296-9_3

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