Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Introduction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Women in the Kurdish Movement

  • 375 Accesses

Abstract

This book originates from my Ph.D. thesis (2006) on Kurdish women’s political participation and the formation of a Kurdish women’s identity. The interviews that I carried out in 2005 formed the basis for both the thesis and the Turkish version of this book, which was first published in 2007. I also included a feminist reading of the fundamental texts for understanding the ideological–political discourse of the Kurdish political movement as well as texts from pro-Kurdish political parties

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • 30 ayda KCK’dan 7738 gözaltı 3895 tutuklama. bianet. (2011). http://bianet.org/bianet/siyaset/133216-30-ayda-kckden-7748-gozalti-3895-tutuklama. Accessed 8 February 2019.

  • Açık, N. (2002). Ulusal mücadele, kadın mitosu ve kadınların harekete geçirilmesi: Türkiye’deki çağdaş Kürt kadın dergilerinin bir analizi. In A. Bora & A. Günal (Eds.), 90’larda Türkiye’de feminizm (pp. 279–306). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altınay, A. (2000). Ordu-millet-kadınlar: Dünyanın ilk kadın savaş pilotu Sabiha Gökçen. In A. Altınay (Ed.), Vatan, millet, kadınlar (pp. 246–280). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism. London: Verso. Turkish edition: Anderson, B. (1993). Hayali Cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması (İ. Savaşır, Trans.). İstanbul: Metis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arat, Y. (1989). The patriarchal paradox: Women politicians in Turkey. New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arat, Z. (1998). Kemalizm ve Türk kadını. In A. Berktay-Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 yılda kadınlar ve erkekler (pp. 51–57). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayata-Güneş, A. (1995). Türkiye’de kadının siyasete katılımı. In Ş. Tekeli (Ed.), Kadın bakış açısından 1980’ler Türkiye’sinde kadın (pp. 293–312). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger-Gluck, S. (1997). Shifting sands: The feminist-nationalist connection in the Palestinian movement. In L. A. West (Ed.), Feminist nationalism (pp. 101–129). New York and London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berktay, F. (1998). Cumhuriyetin 75 yıllık serüvenine kadınlar açısından bakmak. In A. B. Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 yılda kadınlar ve erkekler (pp. 1–11). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J. (1992). Contingent foundations: Feminism and the question of “postmodernism”. In J. Butler & J. W. Scott (Eds.), Feminists theorize the political (pp. 3–22). NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çakır, S. (2002). Tarih yazımında kadın deneyimlerine ulaşma yolları. Toplumsal Tarih, 99, 28–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çakır, S. (2014). Erkek kulübünde siyaset: Kadın parlamenterlerle sözlü tarih. İstanbul: Versus Kitap.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çakır, S., & Akgökçe, N. (Eds.). (1996). Kadın araştırmalarında yöntem. İstanbul: Sel Yayıncılık.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, P. (1993). The Nation and its fragments colonial and postcolonial histories. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Turkish edition: Chatterjee, P. (2002). Ulus ve Parçaları (İ. Çekem, Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danacıoğlu, E. (2001). Geçmişin izleri yanıbaşımızdaki tarih için bir klavuz. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Della Porta, D., & Diani, M. (1999). Social movements: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demir, E. (2016). Yasal Kürtler: HEP’ten HDP’ye Kürt siyaseti. Ankara: Ütopya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dirik, D. (2014a, October 29). Western fascination with “badass” Kurdish women. Al Jazeera. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/10/western-fascination-with-badas-2014102112410527736.html. Accessed 19 February 2019.

  • Dirik, D. (2014b, June 12). The representation of Kurdish women fighters in the media. http://kurdishquestion.com/oldarticle.php?aid=the-representation-of-kurdish-women-fighters-in-the-media. Accessed 19 February 2019.

  • Dirik, D. (2015a, March). The women’s revolution in Rojava: Defeating fascism by constructing an alternative society. In Strangers in a Tangled Wilderness (Eds.), A small key can open a large door: The Rojava revolution. Combustion Books. https://www.academia.edu/24636668/The_Womens_Revolution_in_Rojava_Defeating_Fascism_by_Constructing_an_Alternative_Society_by_Dilar_Dirik. Accessed 5 May 2019.

  • Dirik, D. (2015b, April 3–5). Feminism and the Kurdish freedom movement. Paper presented at the Dissecting Capitalist Modernity–Building Democratic Confederalism Conference. Hamburg, Germany: Hamburg University. http://kurdishquestion.com/oldarticle.php?aid=feminism-and-the-kurdish-freedom-movement. Accessed 5 May 2019.

  • Dirik, D. (2016a). Building the democracy without the state. Roar Magazine, 1, 33–41. https://roarmag.org/wpcontent/uploads/woocommerce_uploads/2016/03/ROAR_Issue1_Revive_la_Commune.pdf.

  • Dirik, D. (2016b). Öz savunma olarak Jineoloji: Yeni bir sosyal bilim paradigmasına doğru. Jineoloji Dergisi (1), 144–152. http://www.jineolojidergisi.org/index/icerik/dlar-drk-oz-savunma-olarak-jineoloji/.

  • Durakbaşa, A. (1998). Cumhuriyet döneminde modern kadın ve erkek kimliklerinin oluşumu: Kemalist kadın kimliği ve “münevver erkekler”. In A. Berktay-Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 yılda kadınlar ve erkekler (pp. 29–50). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eder, C. (1995). Does social class matter in the study of social movements? A theory of middle-class radicalism. In L. Maheu (Ed.), Social movements and social classes: The future of collective action (pp. 21–54). London: Sage Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enloe, C. (1990). Bananas, beaches and bases: Making feminist sense of international politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gellner, E. (1995). Encounters with nationalism. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. Turkish edition: Gellner, E. (1998). Milliyetçiliğe Bakmak (S. Coşar, S. Özerdem, & N. Soyarık, Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Göle, N. (2004). Modern mahrem. İstanbul: Metis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gümüşoğlu, F. (1998). Cumhuriyet döneminde ders kitaplarında cinsiyet rolleri (1928–1998). In A. Berktay-Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 Yılda Kadınlar ve Erkekler (pp. 101–128). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Güneş, C. (2012). Kurdish national movement: From protest to resistance. London and New York: Routledge. Turkish edition: Güneş, C. (2013). Türkiye’de Kürt ulusal hareketi: Direnişin söylemi (E. B. Yıldırım, Trans.). Ankara: Dipnot.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harding, S. (1987). Introduction: Is there a feminist method? In S. Harding (Ed.), Feminism and methodology (pp. 1–14). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • HDP. (2018). İnsan hakları raporu. https://www.hdp.org.tr/tr/raporlar/hdp-raporlari/2018-insan-haklari-raporumuz/12680. Accessed 20 January 2019.

  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1990). Nations and nationalism since 1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Turkish edition: Hobsbawm, E. J. (1992). 1870’lerden günümüze milletler ve milliyetçilik, program, mit, gerçeklik (O. Akınhay, Trans.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.

    Google Scholar 

  • HÜNEE. (2006). Türkiye göç ve yerinden edilmiş nüfus araştırması. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü Yayını.

    Google Scholar 

  • İlyasoğlu, A. (1996). Türkiye kadın tarihinin araştırılmasında yöntem sorunları ve sözlü tarih yöntemi. In K. Lordoğlu (Ed.), İnsan, toplum, bilim (pp. 317–331). Dördüncü ulusal sosyal bilimler kongresi bildirileri. İstanbul: Kavram Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • İlyasoğlu, A. (2000). Örtülü kimlik. İstanbul: Metis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Işık, R. (2016). Kurdish women struggle for a next system in Rojava. https://thenextsystem.org/kurdish-women-struggle-for-a-next-system-in-rojava-kurdistan-northern-syria. Accessed 10 February 2019.

  • Jongerden, J. (2016). Pek çok dünyanın sığdığı bir dünya? PKK, radikal demokrasi ve siyaset ile iktidarı yeniden düşünmek. In E. Aktoprak & C. Kaya (Eds.), 21. yüzyılda milliyetçilik, teori ve siyaset (pp. 425–444). Ankara: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadıoğlu, A. (1998). Cinselliğin inkarı: Büyük toplumsal projelerin nesnesi olarak Türk kadınları. In A. Berktay-Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 yılda kadınlar ve erkekler (pp. 89–100). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kandiyoti, D. (2013). Cariyeler, bacılar, yurttaşlar. İstanbul: Metis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaya, G. (2015). Jineoloji. In R. Maur, et al. (Eds.), Stateless democracy (pp. 83–97). Amsterdam: New World Academy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klandermans, B. (1994). Transient identities? Membership patterns in the Dutch peace movement. In E. Larana, H. Johnston, & J. R. Gusfield (Eds.), New social movements: From ideology to identity (pp. 168–184). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knap, M., Flach, A., & Ayboğa, E. (2016). Revolution in Rojava: Democratic autonomy and women’s liberation in Syrian Kurdistan (J. Biehl, Trans.). London: Pluto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolektif. (2015). Jineolojiye giriş. İstanbul: Aram Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larana, E., Jonston, H., & Gusfield, J. R. (Eds.). (1994). New social movements: From ideology to identity. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leezenberg, M. (2016). The ambiguities of democratic autonomy: The Kurdish movement in Turkey and Rojava. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 16(4), 671–690. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2016.1246529.

  • Maheu, L. (Ed.). (1995). Social movements and social classes: The future of collective action. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maur, R., et al. (Eds.). (2015). Stateless democracy—With the Kurdish women’s movement. Amsterdam: New World Academy. http://www.jonasstaal.nl/site/assets/files/1180/nwa5_stateless_democracy.pdf. Accessed 1 March 2019.

  • McAdam, D. (1994). Culture and social movements. In E. Larana, H. Johnston, & J. R. Gusfield (Eds.), New social movements: From ideology to identity (pp. 36–57). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAdam, et al. (Eds.). (1996). Comparative perspectives on social movements. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy, J. D. (1994). Activists, authorities and media framing of drunk driving. In E. Larana, H. Johnston, & J. R. Gusfield (Eds.), New social movements: From ideology to identity (pp. 133–167). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDowall, D. (1997). A modern history of the Kurds. London: I. B. Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melucci, A. (1994). A strange kind of newness: What’s “new” in new social movements? In E. Larana, H. Johnston, & J. R. Gusfield (Eds.), New social movements: From ideology to identity (pp. 234–266). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melucci, A. (1995). The process of collective identity. In H. Johnston & B. Klandermans (Eds.), Social movements and culture (pp. 41–64). London: VCL Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mies, M. (1983). Towards a methodology for feminist research. In G. Bowles & R. Duell Klein (Eds.), Theories of women’s studies (pp. 117–140). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagel, J. (1988). Masculinity and nationalism: Gender and sexuality in the making of nations. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 21(2), 242–269. Turkish Edition: Nagel, J. (2000). Erkeklik ve Milliyetçilik: Ulusun İnşasında Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Cinsellik. In A. Altınay (Ed.), Vatan, Millet, Kadınlar (pp. 65–103; A. Bora, Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, J. (Ed.). (2005a). Social movements: An anthropological reader. USA, UK, Australia: Blackwell Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, J. (2005b). Introduction: Social movements and global processes. In J. Nash (Ed.), Social movements: An anthropological reader (pp. 1–26). Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Öcalan, A. (2015). Democratic confederalism. In R. I. D. Maur & J. Staal (Eds.), Stateless democracy (pp. 97–111). New World Academy. http://newworldsummit.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/NWA5-Stateless-Democracy1.pdf. Accessed 1 February 2019.

  • Page, N., & Czuba, C. E. (1999). Empowerment: What is it? The Journal of Extension, 37(5). https://www.joe.org/joe/1999october/comm1.php/php. Accessed 29 May 2019.

  • Pakulski, J. (1995). Social movements and class: The decline of the Marxist paradigm. In L. Maheu (Ed.), Social movements and social classes: The future of collective action (pp. 55–86). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pateman, C. (1988). The fraternal social contract. In J. Keane (Ed.), Civil society and the State (pp. 101–127). London: Verso Books. Turkish edition: Pateman, C. (1993). Kardeşler Arası Toplumsal Sözleşme. In J. Keane (Ed.), Sivil Toplum ve Devlet (pp. 119–146; A. Bora, Trans.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavičić-Ivelja, K. (2016). The Rojava revolution: Women’s liberation as an answer to the Kurdish Question. West Croatian History Journal, 11, 131–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qeredaxi, N. (2018). Against the division of social issues: A Jineolojî perspective. https://komun-academy.com/2018/11/07/against-the-division-of-social-issues-a-jineoloji-perspective/. Accessed 20 February 2019.

  • Roche, M. (1995). Rethinking citizenship and social movements: Themes in contemporary sociology and neoconservative ideology. In L. Maheu (Ed.), Social movements and social classes: The future of collective action (pp. 186–219). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sancar, S. (2001, Fall). Türkler/Kürtler, anneler ve siyaset: Savaşta çocuklarını kaybetmiş Türk ve Kürt anneler üzerine bir yorum. Toplum ve Bilim, 90, 22–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sancar, S. (2003). Women in the state, politics and civil society. Bridging the gender gap in Turkey: A milestone towards faster socio-economic development and poverty reduction (pp. 167–181). http://www.ceidizleme.org/ekutuphaneresim/dosya/184_1.pdf#page=175. Accessed 8 February 2019.

  • Schüler, H. (1999). Particilik, Hemşehrilik, Alevilik. İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spivak, G. C. (1988). Can the subaltern speak? In C. Nelson & L. Grossberg (Eds.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture (pp. 271–313). Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephen, L. (2005). Gender, citizenship, and the politics of identity. In J. Nash (Ed.), Social movements: An anthropological reader (pp. 66–77). Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • TBMM. (1997). Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu’da boşaltılan yerleşim birimleri nedeniyle göç eden yurttaşlarımızın sorunlarının araştırılarak alınması gereken tedbirlerin tespit edilmesi amacıyla kurulan meclis araştırma komisyonu (10/25) raporu. Ankara: TBMM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tekeli, Ş. (1981). Women in Turkish politics. In N. Abadan-Unat (Ed.), Women in Turkish society (pp. 293–310). Leiden: Brill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toska, Z. (1998). Cumhuriyet’in kadın ideali: Eşiği aşanlar ve aşamayanlar. In A. Berktay-Hacımirzaoğlu (Ed.), 75 Yılda Kadınlar ve Erkekler (pp. 71–88). İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları.

    Google Scholar 

  • Touraine, A. (1997). What is democracy? Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Üşür-Sancar, S. (1997). Siyasal yaşam ve kadınlara destek politikaları. Ankara: KSSGM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watts, N. F. (1999). Allies and enemies: Pro-Kurdish parties in Turkish politics, 1990–94. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 31(4), 631–656.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watts, N. F. (2007). The missing moderate: Legitimacy resources and pro-Kurdish party politics in Turkey. In R. Lowe & G. Stansfield (Eds.), The Kurdish policy imperative (97–115). London: Chatham House.

    Google Scholar 

  • West, L. A. (Ed.). (1997). Feminist nationalism. New York and London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • What is Jineoloji. (2019). https://jineoloji.org/en/what-is-jineoloji/. Accessed 8 February 2019.

  • Wieviorka, M. (1995). Racism and social movements. In L. Maheu (Ed.), Social movements and social classes: The future of collective action (pp 87–106.) London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolf, V. (n.d). Three guineas. London: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yalçın-Heckmann, L., & Van Gelder, P. (2000). Das Bild der Kurdinnen im Wandel des Politischen Diskurses in der Türkei der 1990er Jahre - Einige Kritische Bemerkungen. In E. Savelsberg (Ed.), Kurdische Frauen und das Bild der Kurdischen Frau (pp. 77–104). Münster: LIT. Turkish edition: Yalçın-Heckmann, L., & Gelder, P. (2000). 90’larda Türkiye’de Siyasal Söylemin Dönüşümü Çerçevesinde Kürt Kadınların İmajı: Bazı Eleştirel Değerlendirmeler. In A. Altınay (Ed.), Vatan Millet, Kadınlar (pp. 308–338; T. Bora, Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N. (1997). Gender and nation. New York: Sage. Turkish edition: Yuval-Davis, N. (2003). Cinsiyet ve millet (A. Bektaş, Trans.). İstanbul: İletişim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuval-Davis, N., & Anthias, F. (1989). Woman-nation-state. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zald, M. N. (1996). Culture, ideology and strategic framing. In D. McAdam, J. D. McCharty, & M. N. Zald (Eds.), Comparative perspectives on social movements (pp. 261–274). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bamberg Otto Friedrich University, Bamberg, Germany

    Handan Çağlayan

Authors
  1. Handan Çağlayan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Çağlayan, H. (2020). Introduction. In: Women in the Kurdish Movement . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24744-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24744-7_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-24743-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-24744-7

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation