Abstract
Social privilege and disadvantage reflect the differential life chances for members of some groups relative to others. The social, economic, and political structures reinforce these advantages and disadvantages. Social norms are evidenced and sustained by perceptions and treatment of others. Counselors and psychotherapists may engage in activities outside of the therapeutic encounter that promotes access to local resources and community building through case networking, outreach, and advocacy. Group work that has a community-building purpose beyond the therapy itself can be one means by which to reduce isolation and increase social support. Social action is an umbrella category for a wide range of efforts for making community change. Social change efforts occur as a series of steps. The steps include preparation, organization, momentum building, as well as taking and sustaining action.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Boyd, S., Murray, D., & MacPherson, D. (2017). Telling our stories: Heroin-assisted treatment and SNAP activism in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver. Harm Reduction Journal,14(1), 27.
Burnett, K. (2013). Commodifying poverty: Gentrification and consumption in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside. Urban Geography,35(2), 157–176.
Business Insider. (2017). Retrieved from www.businessinsider.com/how-the-metoo-movement-started-where-its-headed-tarana-burke-time-person-of-year-women-2017–12.
Canadian Press. (2017). Thousands across Canada rally in support of Women’s March on Washington. Retrieved from https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/events-organized-across-canada-to-support-washington-womens-march/article33696331/.
CTV. (2018). ‘We have to do better’: Trudeau reacts to Gerald Stanley verdict. Retrieved from https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/we-have-to-do-better-trudeau-reacts-to-gerald-stanley-verdict-1.3798036.
Damon, W., Callon, C., Wiebe, L., Small, W., Kerr, T., & McNeil, R. (2017). Community-based participatory research in a heavily researched inner city neighbourhood: Perspectives of people who use drugs on their experiences as peer researchers. Social Science and Medicine,176, 85–92.
Fook, J. (1993). Radical casework: A theory of practice. St Leonards, NSW, Australia: Allen & Unwin.
Globe and Mail. (2018a). How the justice system let race taint the Stanley verdict. Retrieved from https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/how-the-justice-system-let-race-taint-the-stanley-verdict/article37931748/.
Globe and Mail. (2018b). Retrieved from www.theglobeandmail.com/news/investigations/unfounded-37272-sexual-assault-cases-being-reviewed-402-unfounded-cases-reopened-so-far/article37245525/.
Green, G. P., & Haines, A. (2015). Asset building & community development. Los Angeles: Sage.
Hepworth, D. H., Rooney, R. H., Rooney, G. D., Strom-Gottfried, K., & Larson, J. (2006). Direct social work practice: Theory and skills. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.
Jang, M., & Kim, Y. H. (2012). The effect of group sandplay therapy on the social anxiety, loneliness and self-expression of migrant women in international marriages in South Korea. The Arts in Psychotherapy,39(1), 38–41.
Jones, A. A. (2015). Mental illness and significant cognitive impairment among marginalized adults in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside. Addiction,110(10), 1605–1614.
Jozaghi, E. (2015). The role of peer drug users’ social networks and harm reduction programs in changing the dynamics of life for people who use drugs in the downtown eastside of Vancouver, Canada (Doctoral dissertation). Arts and Social Sciences.
Jozaghi, E., Lampkin, H., & Andresen, M. A. (2016). Peer-engagement and its role in reducing the risky behavior among crack and methamphetamine smokers of the Downtown Eastside community of Vancouver, Canada. Harm Reduction Journal,13(1), 19.
Kerr, T., Mitra, S., Kennedy, M. C., & McNeil, R. (2017). Supervised injection facilities in Canada: Past, present, and future. Harm Reduction Journal,14(1), 28.
Krausz, M., & Jang, K. (2015). Lessons from the creation of Canada’s poorest postal code. The Lancet Psychiatry,2(3), e5.
Lee, S. (2007). Making decisions: The independent mental capacity advocacy service. London, UK: Mental Capacity Implementation Program.
Mentinis, M. (2015). Friendship: Towards a radical grammar of relating. Theory & Psychology,25(1), 63–79.
Miewald, C., & Ostry, A. (2014). A warm meal and a bed: Intersections of housing and food security in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside. Housing Studies,29(6), 709–729.
Newman, J. A., & Lovell, M. (1993). A description of a supervisory group for group counselors. Counselor Education and Supervision,33, 22–31.
Przybyla, H. (2017). Women’s march an ‘entry point’ for a new activist wave. Retrieved from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2017/01/05/womens-march-searches-themes-amid-concern-trump-gop-congress/96199000/.
Reading, R., & Rubin, L. R. (2011). Advocacy and empowerment: Group therapy for LGBT asylum seekers. Traumatology,17(2), 86–98.
Rogers, A., & Pilgrim, D. (2014). A sociology of mental health and illness. London: McGraw-Hill Education.
Rothman, J. (1996). The interweaving of community intervention approaches. Journal of Community Practice,3(3–4), 69–99.
Slayton, S. C. (2012). Building community as social action: An art therapy group with adolescent males. The Arts in Psychotherapy,39(3), 179–185.
Sue, D. W. (2017). The challenges of becoming a White Ally. The Counseling Psychologist,45(5), 706–716.
Tatum, B. D. (2001). Defining racism: Can we talk. In P. S. Rothenberg (Ed.), Race, Class, and Gender in the United States: An integrated Study (pp. 100, 107). New York: Worth Publishers.
The Guardian. (2018). Retrieved from www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/15/me-too-founder-tarana-burke-women-sexual-assault.
Weil, M. (2014). Community practice: Conceptual models. New York: Routledge.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brown, J.D. (2019). Change Outside of the Therapeutic Encounter. In: Reflective Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy in a Diverse Society. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24505-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24505-4_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-24504-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-24505-4
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)