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Water Resources Management in Romania pp 57–131Cite as

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania

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Part of the book series: Springer Water ((SPWA))

Abstract

After 2007, Romania adopted and implemented EU legislation on water management. Romanian groundwaters are polluted locally from point sources (landfills) and from diffuse sources of pollution (fertilizers, pesticides and canals, in urban areas). Over-exploitation of underground water wells can lead to indirect diffuse pollution, causing salty water intrusion, exploitation of mineral aggregates. In order to establish water quality, Romania applies a monitoring flow in accordance with the WFD, both for surface water bodies as well as for groundwater bodies. Nowadays are 3.027 surface water bodies from which 2470 are natural water bodies, 488 heavily modified water bodies and 69 artificial water bodies. 50% of all bodies of surface water have been classified as heavily modified water bodies (35%) or artificial water (15%) while 16% (23/143) of underground water bodies were outside the chemical parameters imposed by the rules. Pressures are generated by (i) human agglomeration (lack of connection to the sewerage system and to the sewage treatment plants); (ii) industry (wastewater discharges); (iii) agriculture (nutrient and pesticide emissions); (iv) hydrotechnical works (dams, dikes, sills, weirs, diversions); (v) other anthropic activities.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Department of Geography from the “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, of Iasi, and the infrastructure was provided through the POSCCE-O 2.2.1, SMIS-CSNR 13984-901, No. 257/28.09.2010 Project, CERNESIM. Also, the authors would like to dedicate this chapter to the memory of late professor Gheorghe Romanescu, a true scholar, who thrived on learning and helping others learn.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I 20A, 700505, Iasi, Romania

    Iuliana Gabriela Breaban

  2. Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, CERNESIM, 11 Carol I Bld., 700506, Iasi, Romania

    Iuliana Gabriela Breaban

  3. Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Technical University “Gheorghe Asachi” of Iasi, Bd. D. Mangeron 65, 700050, Iasi, Romania

    Ana Ioana Breaban

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  1. Iuliana Gabriela Breaban
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Correspondence to Iuliana Gabriela Breaban .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Abdelazim M. Negm

  2. Faculty of Geography and Geology, University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza", Iași, Romania

    Gheorghe Romanescu

  3. Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia

    Martina Zeleňáková

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Breaban, I.G., Breaban, A.I. (2020). Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania. In: Negm, A., Romanescu, G., Zeleňáková, M. (eds) Water Resources Management in Romania. Springer Water. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22320-5_3

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