Skip to main content

Introduction to Coastal Ecuador

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Mangroves and Aquaculture

Part of the book series: Coastal Research Library ((COASTALRL,volume 33))

  • 754 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter delineates and describes each of the study sites in Ecuador. The chapter operates from north to south beginning with the estuary of Cayapas-Mataje estuary in the north and ending with the estuaries of El Oro province in the south. Detailed maps are presented for each study area that delineates the boundaries of the analysis and represents all the protected areas within each estuary. For each of the eight delineated estuaries, the following are described; the protected status, the climate, the environmental conditions, the prevailing socioeconomic conditions, the local livelihoods, and the estuarine biodiversity. Finally, the legal framework of both shrimp farms and mangrove forest are examined. In addition to the facts and figures of the study areas, this chapter attempts to represent the milieu of the local residents of each estuary with a focus on both Chone Estuary and Cayapas-Mataje Estuary.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Translation provide by https://therightsofnature.org/

References

  • Altamirano M, Bravo M, Elao R, Noboa R, Rosero J (1998) Otorgacion, en custodia, de un area de manglar a un grupo de usuarios en el estero Saca Mano. Maestria Manejo de Recursos Costeros (Convenio PMRC ESPOL) Modulo III Economia de Recursos Instituto De Pesca, Guayaquil, Ecuador

    Google Scholar 

  • Arriaga L, Montaño M, Vásconez J (1999) Integrated management perspectives of the Bahia de Caráquez zone and Chone River estuary, Ecuador. Ocean Coast Manag 42(2–4):229–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0964-5691(98)00055-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beitl CM (2011) Cockles in custody: the role of common property arrangements in the ecological sustainability of mangrove fisheries on the Ecuadorian coast

    Google Scholar 

  • Beitl CM (2012) Shifting policies, access, and the tragedy of enclosures in Ecuadorian mangrove fisheries: towards a political ecology of the commons. J Polit Ecol 19:94–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard J, Prado G (1995) Natural regeneration of Rhizophora Mangle in Strip Clearcuts in Northwest Ecuador. Biotropica 27(2):160–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bodero A (1993) Mangrove ecosystems of Ecuador. In: Lacerda LD (ed) Conservation and sustainable utilization of mangrove forests in Latin America and Africa regions. ISME, Okinawa, pp 55–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Bravo M (2007) Analisis de los acuerdos de uso sustentable ortogados a usuarios tradicionales para la protección y manejo del ecosistema manglar: Estudios de caso de las Concheras 18 de Octubre (Provincia Esmeraldas); Cangrejeros Seis de Julio (Provincia Guayas) y Mariscadores Costa Rica (Provincia el Oro). Programa de manejo de recursos costeros, Procedimiento CCI No PMRC-035-2005 Actualización de los planes de manejo de las concesiones del manglar

    Google Scholar 

  • Bravo M, Altamirano M (2006) Actualización del Plan de Manejo del Manglar Concesionado a la Asociación De Pescadores Mariscadores y Afines De Costa Rica, Archipiélago de Jambelí. Programa de Manejo de Recursos Costeros, vol 1. PRMC, Guayaquil

    Google Scholar 

  • Brinkhoff T (2011) City population statistics. URL: http://www.citypopulation.de. Last accessed 5 Sept 2012

  • Capitulo I (2008) Plan de Manejo Participativo y Comunitario del Refugio de Vida Silvestre del Estuario de Manglares Muisne-Cojímies: Diagnóstico Socioeconómico-Cultural. Ministry of the Environment, Quito

    Google Scholar 

  • CLIRSEN (1987) Estudio Multitemporal de los Manglares, Camaroneras y Areas Salinas de la Costa Ecuatoriana, vol 1. Centro De Levantamientos Integrados De Recursos Naturales Por Sensores Remotos, Quito

    Google Scholar 

  • CLIRSEN (2007) Actualizacion Del Estudio Multitemporal de Manglares, Camaroneras Y Areas Salinas En Las Costa Continental Ecuatoriana Al Ano 2006, vol 1. Centro De Levantamientos Integrados De Recursos Naturales Por Sensores Remotos, Quito

    Google Scholar 

  • Coello S, Proafio-Lerowr D, Robadue D (1993) Special area management planning in Ecuador’s Rio Chone estuary. Paper presented at the coastal zone, New Orleans, LA

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins S (2010) Mangrove destruction and shrimp aquaculture in Ecuador: a focus on property right enforcement. University of Ottawa, Ottawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford B (2010) The Cojimies estuary in Ecuador. Coastal Resources Center: Graduate School of Oceanography. University of Rhode Island. http://www.crc.uri.edu/download/Ecuador_Cojimies_Program_Brief.pdf. Accessed 12 Jan 2010

  • Cucalón E (1983) Temperatura, salinity and water mass distribution off Ecuador during an El Niño event in 1976. Revista de Ciencias del Mr y Limnología INP Ecuador 2(1)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cucalón E (1989) Oceanographic characteristics off the coast of Ecuador. A sustainable shrimp mariculture industry for Ecuador. University of Rhode Island, Coastal Resources Center, Narragansett

    Google Scholar 

  • de Koning F, Aguinaga M, Bravo M, Chiu M, Lascano M, Lozada T, Suarez L (2011) Bridging the gap between forest conservation and poverty alleviation: the Ecuadorian socio Bosque program. Environ Sci Pol 14(5):531–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.04.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elizaldes Consultora (2015) Actualización del Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial Puná 201–2019. Quito Ecuador

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez J, Yepes H (1998) Learning from Earthquakes: The Bahia de Caraquez Earthquake of August 4th, 1998. EERI Special Earthquake Report 1998. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland

    Google Scholar 

  • Fick SE, Hijmans RJ (2017) WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. Int J Climatol 37(12):4302–4315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greene N (2011) The first successful case of the rights of nature implementation in Ecuador. The Global Alliance for the Rights of Nature Available: http://www.therightsofnatureorg/first-ron-case-ecuador

  • Hamilton SE (2012) The Impact of Shrimp Farming on Mangrove Ecosystems and Local Livelihoods along the Pacific Coast of Ecuador, vol 1. Dept. of Geography and Geology, Doctoral Dissertation, vol 3477166, 1st edn. ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing, Hattiesburg, Mississippi

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton SE, Fitt J, Kaempf C, Coyne SJ (2015) The impacts of sedimentation in the Río Chone estuary. In: Toulkeridis T, Andrade L, Mejía M, Cartay R, Regalado L (eds) VIII Jornadas Académicas Turismo y Patrimonio, Compartiendo lo nuestro con el mundo. Memorias Contribuciones Científicas., vol 1. Descubriendo el Geoturismo en Manabí: Distrito Jama – Pedernales, vol 1. ESPAM MFL, Calceta, pp 38–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton SE, Lovette JP, Borbor-Cordova MJ, Millones M (2017) The carbon holdings of northern Ecuador’s mangrove forests. Ann Am Assoc Geogr 107(1):54–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2016.1226160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Healy T, Wang Y, Healy J-A (2002) Muddy coasts of the world: processes, deposits and function, vol 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrera M, Elao R (2007) Analisis de Amenazas a La Biodiversidad en el Estuario De Cojimies (Ecuador): Identificacion de Amenazas y Oportunidades Para El Manejo del Estuario de Cojimies y Su Area de Influencia Dentro del Programa SUCCESS. Sustainable Coastal Communities and Ecosystems (SUCCESS), a Component of the Global Integrated Management of Coastal and Freshwater Systems (IMCAFS) Program. USAID, EPP-A-00-04-00014-00

    Google Scholar 

  • IUCN SSC (2010) IUCN red list categories and criteria: version 3.1

    Google Scholar 

  • IUCN, UNEP (2016) The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). www.protectedplanet.net. Accessed 1 Dec 2018

  • Jiménez Tapia AK, Rueda R, Quelmita R (2013) Incidencias de la declaración del macizo del Cajas como reserva del biósfera en el aspecto turístico del Parque Nacional Cajas

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman CM, Martin PL (2017) Can rights of nature make development more sustainable? Why some Ecuadorian lawsuits succeed and others fail. World Dev 92:130–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kottek M, Grieser J, Beck C, Rudolf B, Rubel F (2006) World map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorol Z 15(3):259–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leon FD, Johnson S, Marcon J, Phares N (2016) Watershed management to address sedimentation of Ecuador’s Rio Chone estuary. University of California, Santa Barbara

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie CL (2001) The fisheries for mangrove Mockles, Anadara spp., from Mexico to Peru, with descriptions of their habitat and biology, the Fishermen’s lives, and the effects of shrimp farming. Mar Fish Rev 63(1):39

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie CL Jr (2001) The fisheries for mangrove cockles, Anadaraspp., from Mexico to Peru, with descriptions of their habitats and biology, the Fishermen’s lives, and the effects of shrimp farming. Mar Fish Rev 63(1):1–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen JE, Mix RL, Balslev H (2001) Flora of Puná island: plant resources on a neotropical island. Ǻarhus University Press, Aarhus

    Google Scholar 

  • Maldonado M, Torres J, Carvajal R (2014) Plan de Fortalecimiento para el Desarrollo Sustentable del Sitio Ramsar Manglares del Estuario Interior del Golfo de Guayaquil “Don Goyo”. Ministry of the Environment, Quito

    Google Scholar 

  • Man and the Biosphere Programme (2013) Macizo del Cajas. UNESCO. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/latin-america-and-the-caribbean/ecuador/macizo-del-cajas/. Accessed 12 Jan 2018

  • Minget P (1741) Guayaquil; . Compendio Histórico de la Provincia, Partidos, Ciudades, Astilleros, Ríos, y Puerto de Guayaquil en las Costas de la Mar del Sur – Año de 1741 – Dedicado al Rey Don Felipe Quinto Nuestro Señor en su Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias. Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministerio del Ambiente (2018) National System of Protected Areas. Ministerio del Ambiente. http://areasprotegidas.ambiente.gob.ec/es/todas-areas-protegidas-por-region?t=C. Accessed 12 Jan 2018

  • Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador (2010) Plan de Manejo del Refugio de Vida Silvestre Manglares El Morro. Fundación Ecuatoriana para el Estudio de Mamíferos Marinos (FEMM), Fundación …

    Google Scholar 

  • NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (2018) Tides & currents. NOAA. https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/. Accessed 11 Jan 2018

  • Oak Ridge National Laboratory, UT-Battelle LLC (2014) LandScan 2000–2012 (trans: Energy USD, Defense USDo). East View Geospatial, Oak Ridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Ocampo-Thomason P (2006) Mangroves, people and cockles: impacts of the shrimp-farming industry on mangrove communities in Esmeraldas province, Ecuador. In: Hoanh CT, Tuong TP, Gowing JW, Hardy B (eds) Environment and livelihoods in tropical coastal zones: managing agriculture-fishery-aquaculture conflicts (comprehensive assessment of water Management in Agriculture Series), vol 2. Oxford University Press, London, pp 140–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochoa E (1997) Majagual: the tallest mangroves in the world. Intercoast Network (1):17

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum H, Odum B, Campbell D, Olsen S (1991) Un Reconocimiento de Temas Ambientales en la Región Costera y Zonas Especiales de Manejo Seleccionadas. Programa de Manejo de Recursos Costeros (PMRC) Convenio de Cooperación Técnica entre el Gobierno de Ecuador, Universidad de Rhode Island y USAID 91p (Serie Estudios No 3)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsar Sites Information Service (2004) Wetlands. Accessed 2 Jan 2008

    Google Scholar 

  • Robadue DD (1995) Eight years in Ecuador: the road to integrated coastal management, vol 2088. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island Narragansett

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez FVL (2018) Mangrove concessions: an innovative strategy for community mangrove conservation in Ecuador. In: Makowski C, Finkl CW (eds) Threats to mangrove forests: hazards, vulnerability, and management, vol 25. Springer, Cham, pp 557–578

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rosero Moya K, Santillan Salas C (2011) Ministerio del ambiente entrega acuerdo de uso sustentable y custodia de manglar. Boletin No 498 09-06-2011

    Google Scholar 

  • Souris M (2008) Ecuador: Digital Elevation Data. Ecuador, vol 2008. School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani

    Google Scholar 

  • Spalding M, Kainuma M, Collins L (2010) World atlas of mangroves. Earthscan, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson MR (1981) Seasonal variations in the Gulf of Guayaquil, a tropical estuary. Boletin Cientifico y Téchnico INP 4:1–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Stram DL, Kincaid CR, Campbell DE (2005) Water quality modeling in the Rio Chone estuary. J Coast Res 21(4):797–810. https://doi.org/10.2112/011-NIS.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strategic Framework and Guidelines for the Future Development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance of the Convention on Wetlands (2006) Ramsar, Iran. http://www.ramsar.org/cda/en/ramsar-documents-guidelines-strategic-framework-and/main/ramsar/1-31-105 percent5E20823_4000_0__. Accessed 2 Jan 2008

  • Twilley RR, Cárdenas W, Rivera-Monroy VH, Espinoza J, Suescum R, Armijos MM, Solórzano L (2001) The Gulf of Guayaquil and the Guayas River estuary, Ecuador. In: Seeliger U, Kjerfve B (eds) Coastal marine ecosystems of Latin America. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 245–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04482-7_18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ubilla IT (1998) Variaciones morfológicas y batimétricas de la línea de costa en el estuario del río Chone, producidas por los eventos ENSO. Bulletin de l’Institut français d’études andines 27(3):557–563

    Google Scholar 

  • Valderrama NSH (2014) Plan DeEManejo Refugio de Vida Silvestre Isla Corazón y Fragata. Quito, Ecuador

    Google Scholar 

  • Veach K (1996) Gender, resource use, conservation attitudes and local participation in mangrove fishing villages in northern Esmeraldas province, Ecuador. University of Florida, Gainesville

    Google Scholar 

  • Yanez B (1996) Mangrove ecological reserve Churtue management plan – phase 1, vol IV. Ministerio del Ambiente, Quito

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

3.1 Supplementary Electronic Material (S)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hamilton, S.E. (2020). Introduction to Coastal Ecuador. In: Mangroves and Aquaculture. Coastal Research Library, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22240-6_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics