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Molecular Breeding for Resistance to Economically Important Diseases of Pulses

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Book cover Disease Resistance in Crop Plants

Abstract

Pulses are an important part of human diet due to their high protein content relative to staple cereals. Pulses play an important role in agriculture by contributing toward food and nutritional security, nitrogen economy, crop intensification, diversification, and sustainable farming systems. They are usually grown in marginal soils, and huge losses of these precious pulses occurred due to different disease-causing microorganisms. Disease resistance in plant manifested due to specific interaction between a resistance gene product in host and an avirulence gene product in pathogen. In some cases, pathogens take opportunity to enter hosts by exploiting some favorable avenues (also called susceptibility factors) in the host. Mutation in those susceptibility factors can also lead to resistant reaction. Most of the pulse crops faced tremendous yield penalties due to diseases caused by various kinds of pathogens, viz., virus, bacteria, fungus, and pathogenic weed species, etc. Genetic resistance against those pathogens in pulse crops has been identified and well characterized. Before the onset of genome sequencing drive in these crops, plant breeders have developed molecular markers for some disease resistance. In the era of genomics and available genome sequences in major pulses, development of breeder-friendly markers got a momentum among the pulse researchers across the globe. The utilization of these markers in marker-assisted selection is being practiced in few pulse crops till now. In this chapter, we will have a glance on different diseases of important temperate and tropical pulse crops, marker information on the disease resistance, and exploitation of genomics and markers toward breeding and varietal development. This chapter will also focus on different disease screening methodologies and provide an outlook on future research prospects toward improvement of pulse for disease resistance.

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Abbreviations

AFLP:

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism

BC:

Backcross

BSA:

Bulked Segregant Analysis

DAF:

DNA Amplification Fingerprinting

DArT:

Diversity Arrays Technologies

DHL:

Doubled Haploid Lines

ELISA:

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

EST:

Expressed Sequence Tags

GWAS:

Genome-Wide Association Studies

ICRISAT:

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Topics

InDel:

Insertion-Deletion

ISSR:

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat

MAB:

Marker-Assisted Breeding

MABC:

Marker-Assisted Backcrossing

MAGIC Population:

Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross Population

MAS:

Marker-Assisted Selection

NAM Population:

Nested Association Mapping Population

NIL:

Near-Isogenic Lines

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

QTL:

Quantitative Trait Loci

RAPD:

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

RFLP:

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

RGC:

Resistance Gene Candidates

RIL:

Recombinant Inbred Lines

SCAR:

Sequence-Characterized Amplified Region

SNP:

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

SRAP:

Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism

SSR:

Simple Sequence Repeat

STMS:

Sequence-Tagged Microsatellite Sites

STS:

Sequence-Tagged Sites

TRAP:

Target Region Amplification Polymorphism

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Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely acknowledge the encouragement from the Associate Director (A), Bioscience Group, and Head of Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre.

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The authors of this chapter declare that there are no conflict of interest and no financial gain from it.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Parmeshwar K. Sahu

  2. Nuclear Agriculture & Bio Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Vinod J. Dhole & Suvendu Mondal

  3. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Suvendu Mondal

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  1. Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Shabir Hussain Wani

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Sahu, P.K., Dhole, V.J., Mondal, S. (2019). Molecular Breeding for Resistance to Economically Important Diseases of Pulses. In: Wani, S.H. (eds) Disease Resistance in Crop Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20728-1_8

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