Abstract
Understanding how a new digital technology can translate into a valuable innovation is a challenge for established players and new entrants. For industrial players in an ecosystem, it can be both a threat and an opportunity. Furthermore, the new technologies open collaboration opportunities between corporates and start-ups. But it remains unclear what are the consequences of opening up and whether it has an impact on the innovation dynamics in the industrial ecosystem.
We use the case of the wind industry in Denmark, as a maturing industrial ecosystem, to study when and how the new entrants (technology entrepreneurs) have had an impact on the innovation dynamics. We first combine archival data with interviews to build a historical account of the evolution of the industrial ecosystem; then we incorporate data from the new entrants in the industry to specify the types of innovations that the most recent digital technology entrepreneurs have triggered.
The results suggest differences in the innovation dynamics depending on the value chain position. While some activities have remained rather closed (for instance, the technological development of the core elements in the wind turbines), the operations and maintenance activities have profited from digital technologies introduced by new entrants. Using these insights, we present and discuss suggestions to institutional actors interested in protecting the innovation leadership of their regional industrial ecosystems.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adner, R., & Kapoor, R. (2010). Value creation in innovation ecosystems: How the structure of technological interdependence affects firm performance in new technology generations. Strategic Management Journal, 31(3), 306–333.
Agarwal, R., Audretsch, D., & Sarkar, M. (2010). Knowledge spillovers and strategic entrepreneurship. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 4(4), 271–283.
Andersen, P. H., & Drejer, I. (2006). Danmark som wind power hub – mellem virkelighed og mulighed. København: Vindmølleindustrien.
Andersen, P. H., & Drejer, I. (2008). Systemic innovation in a distributed network: The case of Danish wind turbines, 1972–2007. Strategic Organization, 6(1), 13–46.
Andersen, P. H., & Drejer, I. (2009). Together we share? Competitive and collaborative supplier interests in product development. Technovation, 29(10), 690–703.
Andersen, P. H., & Drejer, I. (2012). Denmark – The wind power hub: Transforming the supply chain. København: Vindmølleindustrien.
Autio, E., Nambisan, S., & Thomas, L. D. W. (2018). Digital affordances, spatial affordances, and the genesis of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(1), 72–95.
Boschma, R. (2005). Proximity and innovation: A critical assessment. Regional Studies, 39(1), 61–74.
Brink, T., & Madsen, S. O. (2016). The triple helix frame for small- and medium-sized enterprises for innovation and development of offshore wind energy. Triple Helix, 3(1), 4.
Brink, T., Ole Madsen, S., & Lutz, S. (2016). Perspectives on how operation & maintenance (O&M) innovations contribute to the reduction of Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) in offshore wind parks. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1860.2640.
Brown, R., & Mason, C. (2014). Inside the high-tech black box: A critique of technology entrepreneurship policy. Technovation, 34(12), 773–784.
Clayton, P., Feldman, M., & Lowe, N. (2018). Behind the scenes: Intermediary organizations that facilitate science commercialization through entrepreneurship. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 32(1), 104–124.
Cohen, B., Amorós, J. E., & Lundy, L. (2017). The generative potential of emerging technology to support startups and new ecosystems. Business Horizons, 60(6), 741–745.
Colombelli, A., Krafft, J., & Quatraro, F. (2014). The emergence of new technology-based sectors in European regions: A proximity-based analysis of nanotechnology. Research Policy, 43(10), 1681–1696.
Danish Wind Industry Association. (2017). The green pages. København.
Dedehayir, O., Mäkinen, S. J., & Ortt, J. R. (2016). Roles during innovation ecosystem genesis: A literature review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change.
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research published by: Academy of Management Stable (Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: Building Theories from Case Study Research, 14(4), 532–550). http://www.jstor.org/stable/258557
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25–32.
Flyvbjerg, B. (2004). Five misunderstandings about case-study research (pp. 420–434). Practice.
Giones, F., & Brem, A. (2017). From toys to tools: The co-evolution of technological and entrepreneurial developments in the drone industry. Business Horizons, 60(6), 875–884.
Howells, J. (2006). Intermediation and the role of intermediaries in innovation. Research Policy, 35(5), 715–728.
Jensen, I. K. (2003). Mænd i modvind:et dansk industrieventyr. København: Børsens Forlag.
Karnøe, P. (1999). When low-tech becomes high-tech: The social construction of technological learning processes in the Danish and the American Wind Turbine Industry. In Mobilizing resources and generating competencies: The remarkable success of small and medium-sized enterprises in the danish business system (pp. 85–139). Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.
Klaassen, G., et al. (2005). The impact of R&D on innovation for wind energy in Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom. Ecological Economics, 54(2–3), 227–240.
Klepper, S. (1997). Industry life cycles. Industrial and Corporate Change, 6(1), 145.
Leech, N. L., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2007). An array of qualitative data analysis tools: A call for data analysis triangulation. School Psychology Quarterly, 22(4), 557–584.
Li, L. (2013). Technology designed to combat fakes in the global supply chain. Business Horizons, 56(2), 167–177.
Lucas, H. C., & Goh, J. M. (2009). Disruptive technology: How Kodak missed the digital photography revolution. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 18(1), 46–55.
McMullen, J. S. (2018, June). Organizational hybrids as biological hybrids: Insights for research on the relationship between social enterprise and the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Journal of Business Venturing, 33, 1–16.
Megavind. (2013). The Danish wind power hub. København.
Megavind. (2017). Annual research and innovation agenda. København.
Meyer, N. I. (1995). Danish wind power development. Energy for Sustainable Development, 2(1), 18–25.
Meyer, N. I., & Koefoed, A. L. (2003). Danish energy reform: Policy implications for renewables. Energy Policy, 31(7), 597–607.
Mortara, L., & Parisot, N. (2017). How do Fab-spaces enable entrepreneurship ? Case studies of “Makers” – entrepreneurs. International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management, 32, 16–42.
Mulgan, G. (2017). Anticipatory regulation: How can regulators keep up with fast-changing industries? NESTA Blog.
Nambisan, S., & Baron, R. A. (2013). Entrepreneurship in innovation ecosystems: Entrepreneurs’ self-regulatory processes and their implications for new venture success. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(5), 1071–1097.
Oh, D. S., Phillips, F., Park, S., & Lee, E. (2016). Innovation ecosystems: A critical examination. Technovation, 54, 1–6.
PwC. (2016). Clarity from above. PwC global report on the commercial applications of drone technology. Warsaw: PwC.
Ravenswood, K. (2011). Eisenhardt’s impact on theory in case study research. Journal of Business Research, 64(7), 680–686.
Renewable Energy Agency, I. (2018). Renewable power generation costs in 2017.
Ritala, P., & Almpanopoulou, A. (2017). In defense of ‘eco’ in innovation ecosystem. Technovation, 60–61, 39–42.
Robinson, O. C. (2014). Sampling in interview-based qualitative research: A theoretical and practical guide. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 11(1), 25–41.
Scaringella, L., & Radziwon, A. (2017). Innovation, entrepreneurial, knowledge, and business ecosystems: Old wine in new bottles? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 0–1 (December 2015).
Simmie, J. (2012). Path dependence and new technological path creation in the Danish wind power industry. European Planning Studies, 20(5), 753–772.
Smith, K. (2011). The Danish wind industry 1980–2010: Lessons for the British marine energy industry. Underwater Technology, 30(1), 27–33.
Spigel, B. (2017). The relational organization of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1), 49–72.
Stam, E. (2015). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: A sympathetic critique. European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1759–1769.
Thomas, L., Sharapov, D., & Autio, E. (2017). Linking entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystems: The case of appcampus. In G. Alvarez, S. Carayannis, E. G. Dagnino, & R. Faraci (Eds.), Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the diffusion of startups (p. 208). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
Woolley, J. L. (2010). Technology emergence through entrepreneurship across multiple industries. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 4(1), 1–21.
Woolley, J. L. (2014). The creation and configuration of infrastructure for entrepreneurship in emerging domains of activity. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(4), 721–747.
Zhang, W., & White, S. (2016). Overcoming the liability of newness: Entrepreneurial action and the emergence of China’s private solar photovoltaic firms. Research Policy, 45(3), 604–617.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hofmann, M., Giones, F. (2019). Entrepreneurship as an Innovation Driver in an Industrial Ecosystem. In: Baierl, R., Behrens, J., Brem, A. (eds) Digital Entrepreneurship. FGF Studies in Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20138-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20138-8_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-20137-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-20138-8
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)