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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate Soil Salinity Stress in Arid and Semiarid Areas

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Book cover Microorganisms in Saline Environments: Strategies and Functions

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 56))

Abstract

Soil salinization is an increasingly important problem in many parts of the world, particularly in the arid and semiarid areas. Soil salinity affects plant growth adversely, by disrupting their physiological mechanisms due to excessive Na+ and Cl− ions toxicity toward cells. The toxic effects include disruption of enzyme structure and other macromolecules, disruption of photosynthetic efficiency, gas exchange, membrane organization, and water status. Salinity may directly or indirectly inhibit plant cell division, development, and productivity. To overcome the detrimental effects and to improve plant tolerance to stresses, particularly salt stress, plants adopt a wide variety of strategies including symbiotic association with soil fungi such as the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi proved to be an interesting way for the management of native flora and restoration of natural habitats with minimal chemical inputs. Unfortunately, the knowledge about restoration of salt-affected ecosystems using AMF biofertilizer is limited. This chapter aims to review the impact of salinity stress on plants and on AMF life cycle and physiology and to describe the effect of AMF biofertilizers on plant development underlying physiological, biochemical, and molecular plant mechanisms within the context of salinity stress.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la vie, Université de Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria

    Karima Bencherif

  2. Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Calais cedex, France

    Karima Bencherif & Anissa Lounès Hadj-Sahraoui

  3. Agriculture et agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherche et développement d’Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Yolande Dalpé

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  1. Karima Bencherif
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  2. Yolande Dalpé
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Bhoopander Giri

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Bencherif, K., Dalpé, Y., Lounès Hadj-Sahraoui, A. (2019). Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate Soil Salinity Stress in Arid and Semiarid Areas. In: Giri, B., Varma, A. (eds) Microorganisms in Saline Environments: Strategies and Functions. Soil Biology, vol 56. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18975-4_16

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