Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis is one of the most serious animal health problems in Egypt. Since M. bovis can be transmitted between animals and from animals to humans, it constitutes a public health risk given the complexity of the animal husbandry systems in Egypt. The isolation of M. bovis from milk and tuberculous lesions from cattle confirms that they are a major source of zoonotic TB. Additionally, some of the people living in densely populated areas keep animals inside their houses, which is an additional zoonotic TB health risk. There is, however, no accurate estimate of the number of human TB cases caused by M. bovis in Egypt, mainly because of the lack of diagnostic infrastructure and difficulties in acquiring data from various regions. Although the implementation of a test-and-slaughter policy in 1981 reduced the prevalence of BTB in cattle and water buffaloes, only about a quarter of the cattle and buffalo population in Egypt is tested annually, mainly due to a lack of funding. Comprehensive disease surveillance is required to adequately determine the role of zoonotic TB in Egypt, with emphasis on high-risk populations. Regular health inspection of abattoir workers and public awareness campaigns (including pasteurization of milk) are important measures that should be instituted to curtail the risk of zoonotic TB infections. Effective control measures should be implemented immediately to control and eliminate BTB from farm animals that sustain the infection.
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Amin, A. (2019). Bovine Tuberculosis in Egypt. In: Dibaba, A., Kriek, N., Thoen, C. (eds) Tuberculosis in Animals: An African Perspective. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18690-6_13
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