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Design and Development of Small Molecules from Somatic, Stem Cell Reprogramming, and Therapy

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Abstract

Nuclear reprogramming changes the cell fate and plays a vital role in obtaining pluripotent stem cells. It is difficult to explain clear molecular mechanism of nuclear reprogramming. Direct reprogramming of somatic cell types into desired cell types can be achieved by using specific genes and small molecules. Computational methods and molecular modeling may provide the insight to explain the landscape of the nuclear reprogramming and stem cell pluripotency. The structural and functional information of protein is required for annotation. In the absence of experimental structures, computational methods like homology modeling will be employed to decipher the protein structure and active sites. By fold identification and binding site-based ligand association, functional annotation will be carried out. Molecular docking and pharmacophore modeling are used to optimize the lead compounds or small molecules for direct conversion of somatic cell types and stem cells into specific cell types, which also help in identification of the better targets that aid in drug design process in cell-based therapy and tissue engineering.

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Abbreviations

Germ line stem cells:

GSCs

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor:

GDNF

Induced pluripotent stem cells:

(iPS) cells

Multipotent germ line stem cells:

mGSs

Spermatogonial stem cells:

SSCs

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Bioinformatics Infrastructure facility at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela funded by DBT for providing the facilities to carry out the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India

    Praveen Kumar Guttula & Mukesh Kumar Gupta

Authors
  1. Praveen Kumar Guttula
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  2. Mukesh Kumar Gupta
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mukesh Kumar Gupta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Noor Ahmad Shaik

  2. Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

  3. Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Babajan Banaganapalli

  4. Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ramu Elango

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Guttula, P.K., Gupta, M.K. (2019). Design and Development of Small Molecules from Somatic, Stem Cell Reprogramming, and Therapy. In: Shaik, N., Hakeem, K., Banaganapalli, B., Elango, R. (eds) Essentials of Bioinformatics, Volume II. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18375-2_10

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