Abstract
Adsorption is considered to be one of the most efficient and cost-effective processes for the removal of pollutants including dyes from polluted water bodies. Wide range of materials is being studied for removing dye molecules that impart colour to water. Chitosan has emerged as a low-cost, non-toxic, biodegradable and easily available option for removing dye molecules by adsorption. The functional groups in chitosan, e.g. the hydroxyl and the amino groups, are responsible for the adsorption of cationic as well as anionic dyes. Here we have discussed some of the significant cases of cationic and anionic dye adsorption by chitosan. Broadly, chitosan-based adsorbent can be categorized as (a) grafted and cross-linked chitosan to enhance adsorption capacity and also to impart superior mechanical stability so that the adsorbent can be used in harsh condition and (b) composites with wide range of materials, e.g. clay, carbon materials, other polymers and metal oxides. Further sizes and morphologies, e.g. sphere, beads, nanofibres, have effects on the adsorption capacities. In addition, the scope for adsorptive photocatalytic dye degradation has been discussed. For this purpose, ZnO–chitosan nanocomposite is taken as a model adsorbent cum photocatalyst for removing Congo red anionic dye, where chitosan facilitated adsorption while ZnO favoured dye degradation.
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Verma, S., Dutta, R.K. (2020). Adsorptive Removal of Toxic Dyes Using Chitosan and Its Composites. In: Naushad, M., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Green Materials for Wastewater Treatment. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 38. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17724-9_10
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