Necessary Notations of the Proposed Method

Abstract

We define necessary notations and review important definitions that will be used later in our analysis. Let $C^{2}(\mathbb {R}^{n})$ be the vector space of real-valued twice-continuously differentiable functions. Let ∇ be the gradient operator and ∇² be the Hessian operator. Let ∥⋅∥₂ be the Euclidean norm in $\mathbb {R}^{n}$. Let μ be the Lebesgue measure in $\mathbb {R}^n$.