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Ovarian Cancer

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International Manual of Oncology Practice

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Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common type of cancer in women and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in them. The overall 5-year relative survival currently is between 30% and 40% across the globe. However, the disease typically presents at late stage when this rate is only 29%. Despite the public health significance, the etiology of this lethal disease is not completely understood but many associated risk factors have been identified. Ovarian tumors benign or malignant originate from one of three cell types: epithelial cells, stromal cells or germ cells. More than 90% of malignant ovarian tumors are of epithelial origin, 5–6% of tumors constitute sex cord-stromal tumors, and 2–3% are germ cell tumors. Staging of ovarian cancer is surgical and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging remains the most powerful indicator of prognosis. Primary treatment for presumed ovarian cancer consists of appropriate surgical stagin and debulking, followed in most patients by systemic chemotherapy with or without Targeted Therapies. In the relapse setting, treatment considerations include the disease-free interval, existing toxicities from first-line treatment and volume of disease at the time of relapse.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Surgical Oncology, Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital, Ceará Cancer Institute, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

    Renata Félix da Justa

  2. Division of Medical Oncology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) & Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil

    Ramon Andrade De Mello

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal

    Ramon Andrade De Mello

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  1. Renata Félix da Justa
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Correspondence to Ramon Andrade De Mello .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Oncology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) & Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal

    Ramon Andrade De Mello

  2. Oncology Department, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece

    Giannis Mountzios

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal

    Álvaro A. Tavares

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da Justa, R.F., De Mello, R.A. (2019). Ovarian Cancer. In: De Mello, R., Mountzios, G., Tavares, Á. (eds) International Manual of Oncology Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16245-0_22

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