Abstract
At the beginning of this book, I stated that the world had arrived at a critical turning point, i.e., at a time in our shared histories when critical decisions needed to be made concerning the future of nations and that of the larger community of nations of which we are all part. The situation remains the same today despite five decades of progress of advancing the changing capacity of nations to meet not only the basic needs of their steadily increasing populations but their more advanced needs as well, especially in the social and economic security sectors. The situation is especially critical within nations identified in Chap. 6 and elsewhere in the book as “least developed” or “socially least developed countries” for which the basic needs of large numbers of their population go unmet, especially in response to diversity-related social conflict or warfare with neighboring states.
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Notes
- 1.
The 20 members of the G-20 are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, and the multistate European Union.
- 2.
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals emphasize no poverty; zero hunger; good health and well-being; quality education; clean water and sanitation; affordable and clean energy; decent work and economic growth; industry, innovation, infrastructure; reduced inequalities; sustainable cities and communities; responsible consumption and production; climate action; life below water; life on land; peace, justice and strong institutions; partnerships for the goals (United Nations Development Programme, 2018a, 2018b).
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Estes, R.J. (2019). Discussion and Conclusions. In: The Social Progress of Nations Revisited, 1970–2020. Social Indicators Research Series, vol 78. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15907-8_10
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