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Nephrolithiasis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Nutritional and Medical Management of Kidney Stones

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

Patients with malabsorptive gastrointestinal disorders are at higher risk of kidney stones than those without. These disorders include inflammatory bowel diseases, with or without bowel resection, chronic pancreatitis, and celiac disease. The malabsorption of water, sodium, oxalate, bicarbonate, and fat leads to increased urinary concentration of stone-forming factors. The most common stones seen in gastrointestinal disorders contain calcium oxalate or uric acid. Major risk factors for stone formation are decreased urinary volume, hyperuricosuria, and hypocitraturia from high gastrointestinal output, and enteric hyperoxaluria from fat malabsorption. Prevention of kidney stones in such patients requires modifying standard stone-forming risk factors, but special consideration should be paid to metabolic abnormalities specific to this patient population. Treatment of the underlying gastrointestinal disorders also results in decreased incidence of kidney stones in this group.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Johnstown, PA, USA

    Gebran Abboud

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  1. Gebran Abboud
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Correspondence to Gebran Abboud .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Boston, MA, USA

    Haewook Han

  2. Division of Nephrology, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA

    Walter P. Mutter

  3. Department of Nephrology, Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Boston, MA, USA

    Samer Nasser

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Abboud, G. (2019). Nephrolithiasis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders. In: Han, H., Mutter, W., Nasser, S. (eds) Nutritional and Medical Management of Kidney Stones. Nutrition and Health. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15534-6_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15534-6_16

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, Cham

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