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Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America pp 1–27Cite as

Overview of the Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

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Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

The advances in plant cataloging and the increase of studies on mycorrhiza in South America (SA) have led to the compilation of information to better understand the native ecosystems and their constraints. Selected environments ranging from natural to anthropized ecosystems were analyzed according to their fungal-endophyte-associations and fungal-symbionts occurrence in relation to relevant physical-chemical properties of soils of the principal biomes in SA. Considering conservation units, no National Park is under continuous research in SA and few ones have been investigated for mycorrhizal symbioses. Ectomycorrhizas, with scant host-tree species in SA, are also investigated in Argentina and Chile forestry and mostly in exotic trees in Brazil. The study of the mycorrhizas and mycorrhizal fungi ecology and their response to global change, which is urgently recommended, is still incipient. Further, the publication revisions showed that Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, and Ecuador are the countries with more published reports. Studies on mycorrhizas have developed largely; however, most of them were concerned with diversity and morphology, while the applications of mycorrhizas in environmental issues are still limited. The cooperative work between researchers from the Northern Hemisphere and SA could lead to greater advances on the quick and improved knowledge of the wonderful SA ecosystems and their mycorrhizas. This chapter revises and discusses the advances in mycorrhizal fungi understanding drawing on recent research.

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Acknowledgements

Mónica A. Lugo and Marcela C. Pagano wish to express their deepest gratitude to all the researchers who are the authors and co-authors of the chapters of this book and whose scientific contributions have made this book possible, as well as to all the researchers whose contributions were a starting point for this book, and which have complemented and broadened the knowledge of mycorrhizal fungi in South America. In addition, the authors are grateful for the help provided by the critical reading of English to Matilde M. Crespo and to Dr. Lucía V. Risio for her collaboration in the preparation of the Table on protected areas of SA.

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  1. Biological Sciences, National University of San Luis, Grupo MICODIF (Micología, Diversidad e Interacciones Fúngicas)/IMIBIO (Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas)-CONICET-CCT SL, San Luis, San Luis, Argentina

    Mónica A. Lugo

  2. Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Marcela C. Pagano

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  1. Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Marcela C. Pagano

  2. Biological Sciences, National University of San Luis, Grupo MICODIF (Micología, Diversidad e Interacciones Fúngicas)/IMIBIO (Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas)-CONICET-CCT SL, San Luis, San Luis, Argentina

    Mónica A. Lugo

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Lugo, M.A., Pagano, M.C. (2019). Overview of the Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America. In: Pagano, M., Lugo, M. (eds) Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15228-4_1

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