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Evangelicals and the Protests of June 2013

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Brazilian Evangelicalism in the Twenty-First Century

Part of the book series: Christianity and Renewal - Interdisciplinary Studies ((CHARIS))

Abstract

This chapter explores the multiple meanings of the protests of June 2013, with special interest in the reading of evangelicals of this historical event, bringing to the fore elements related to the political participation of the aforementioned religious segment in the Brazilian context.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Allusion to the “Arab Spring,” even though in June 2013 in the Southern Hemisphere, where the majority of the Brazilian territory is located, the month of June marks the transition from fall to winter. Another reading is that, with the demonstrations, the temperature rose.

  2. 2.

    Wellington Pereira, “Max Weber and the Street Demonstrations in Paraíba,” in June Days: Repercussions and Readings, organizers Cidoval Morais de Sousa and Arão de Azevêdo Souza (Campina Grande: Eduepb, 2013), 43.

  3. 3.

    Ibid.

  4. 4.

    A program connected to the Ministry of Health that sought to secure medical services to the regions of the countries suffering from medical inattention. For more information, see: http://www.maismedicos.gov.br/, accessed August 5, 2015.

  5. 5.

    The term “FIFA Standard” was synonymous with something done with excellence in 2013. Due to the 2015 financial scandals of this body that regulates soccer, including the arrest of several executives, this expression could now sound like something negative or ironic.

  6. 6.

    André Singer, “Brasil, junho de 2013: classes e ideologias cruzadas” [June 2013: classes and criss-crossed ideologies], in Novos estudos do CEBRAP [New Studies of the Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento], no. 97 (São Paulo, November 2013), 2.

  7. 7.

    Jorge Pinheiro dos Santos, “Política e protestantismo ocupam as ruas. Reflexões sobre as mobilizações populares de junho de 2013” [Politics and Protestantism occupy the Streets. Reflections on the Popular Mobilizations of June 2013], Estudos da religião [Studies of Religion] 27 (1): 227.

  8. 8.

    André Singer, “Brasil, junho de 2013: classes e ideologias cruzadas,” 2.

  9. 9.

    Manuel Castells, Redes de indignação e esperança: movimentos sociais na era da Internet [Networks of Indignation and Hope: Social Movements in the Era of the Internet], Spanish translation to Portuguese by Carlos Alberto Medeiros (Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2013), 178.

  10. 10.

    Monika Dowbor and José Szwako, “Respeitável público….Performance e organização dos movimentos antes dos protestos de 2013” [Respectful Audience…Performance and Organization of the Movements Before the Protests of 2013], in Novos estudos do CEBRAP, no. 97 (São Paulo, November 2013).

  11. 11.

    André Singer, “Brasil, junho de 2013: classes e ideologias cruzadas,” 6–8.

  12. 12.

    Magaly Prado, Ciberativismo e noticiário: da mídia torpedista às redes sociais (Rio de Janeiro: Alta Books, 2015), 3. “Ciberactivism consists in continuous actions realized with or even exclusively through the internet, aiming for either specific objectives or a general transformation of reality.”

  13. 13.

    Cidoval Morais de Sousa and Arão de Azevêdo Souza, organizers, Jornadas de Junho: repercussões e leituras [June Days: Repercussions and Readings] (Campina Grande: Eduepb, 2013).

  14. 14.

    Magaly Prado, Ciberativismo e noticiário, XI.

  15. 15.

    Ibid.

  16. 16.

    Monika Dowbor and José Szwako, “Respeitável público,” 3.

  17. 17.

    Ibid., 6.

  18. 18.

    Ibid., 4.

  19. 19.

    Arnaldo Jabor condemns the protests. http://youtube.com/watch?v=IuL-zhtSYWC4. Marcelo Gomes Germano, “Somente um protesto” [Only a protest]. In: Cidoval Morais de Sousa and Arão de Azevêdo Souza, organizers, Jornadas de Junho: repercussões e leituras, 94.

  20. 20.

    Arnaldo Jabor assumes responsibility for the error and praises the protests. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-Xv9QYG-YU. Marcelo Gomes Germano, “Somente um protesto.” In: Cidoval Morais de Sousa and Arão de Azevêdo Souza, organizers, Jornadas de Junho: repercussões e leituras, 94–95.

  21. 21.

    Orlandil de Lima Moreira and Idalina Maria Freitas Lima Santiago, “Vem prá rua: os protestos de junho.” In: Cidoval Morais de Sousa and Arão de Azevêdo Souza, organizers, Jornadas de Junho: repercussões e leituras, 13.

  22. 22.

    David Harvey, Cidades rebeldes: do direito à cidade à revolução urbana [Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to Urban Revolution], trans. Jeferson Camargo (São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2014), 134.

  23. 23.

    Gedeon Alencar, Protestantismo tupiniquim: hipóteses da (não) contribuição evangélica à cultura brasileira [Tupiniquim Protestantism: Cases of Evangelical (non) Contribution to Brazilian Culture] (São Paulo: Arte Editorial, 2005), 65.

  24. 24.

    Ricardo Mariano, Neopentecostais: sociologia do novo pentecostalismo no Brasil, 2nd ed. (São Paulo: Loyola, 2005), 30.

  25. 25.

    Gedeon Alencar, Protestantismo tupiniquim , 60.

  26. 26.

    Cf. ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Censos/Censo_Demografico_2010/Caracteristicas_Gerais_Religiao_Deficiencia/tab1_4.pdf. Acesso em 15 de agosto de 2015.

  27. 27.

    Gedeon Alencar, Protestantismo tupiniquim , 77.

  28. 28.

    Magali do Nascimento Cunha. A explosão gospel: um olhar das ciências humanas sobre o cenário evangélico no Brasil (Rio de Janeiro: Mauad X: Instituto Mysterium, 2007).

  29. 29.

    ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Censos/Censo_Demografico_2010/Caracteristicas_Gerais_Religiao_Deficiencia/tab1_4.pdf. Acesso em 05 de agosto de 2015.

  30. 30.

    Grace Davie, Religion in Britain since 1945: Believing Without Belonging (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 1994).

  31. 31.

    Kevin William Kossar Furtado and Maria Julieta Weber Cordova, “Jornadas de junho: posicionamento de grupos e líderes cristãos” [June Days: Positioning of Christian Groups and Leaders], in Protestantismo em Revista [Protestantism in Review], vol. 34 (São Leopoldo, May/August 2014), 111.

  32. 32.

    Ibid., 111–12.

  33. 33.

    For the concept of producers of symbolic goods, see Pierre Bourdieu, A economia das trocas simbólicas [The Economy of Symbolic Exchanges] (São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2013).

  34. 34.

    The Spanish party “Podemos” [We can] arose from “The Indignants” movement.

  35. 35.

    Gedeon Alencar, Protestantismo tupiniquim , 57.

  36. 36.

    Ibid., 61.

  37. 37.

    Ibid., 63.

  38. 38.

    Ibid., 61.

  39. 39.

    Lecture of Dr. Lyndon de Araújo dos Santos in the First International Seminar: Evangelicals and social transformation in 2013.

  40. 40.

    Robinson Cavalcanti, A igreja, o país e o mundo: desafios de uma fé engajada [The Church, the Nation, and the World: Challenges of an Engaged Faith] (Viçosa: Ultimato, 2000), 94–98.

  41. 41.

    Ibid., 96–98.

  42. 42.

    Ibid., 98.

  43. 43.

    Jorge Pinheiro dos Santos, Política e protestantismo ocupam as ruas, 220–36.

  44. 44.

    Kevin William Kossar Furtado and Maria Julieta Weber Cordova, Jornadas de junho: posicionamento de grupos e líderes cristãos, 112–18.

  45. 45.

    Ibid., 111–15.

  46. 46.

    Cf.  http://www.ricardogondim.com.br/meditacoes/a-passeata-do-dia-18-de-junho-de-2013/. Acesso em 06 de agosto de 2015.

  47. 47.

    Cf.  http://ultimato.com.br/sites/guilhermedecarvalho/2013/06/19/a-baderna-de-deus-e-a-baderna-dos-homens/. Acesso em 06 de agosto de 2015.

  48. 48.

    Kevin William Kossar Furtado and Maria Julieta Weber Cordova, Jornadas de junho: posicionamento de grupos e líderes cristãos, 115–17.

  49. 49.

    Lava Jato (“Car Wash”) is the name of an ongoing Federal Police investigation of a bribery and money laundering scheme that it has aggressively been pursuing since 2014. The name derives from the fact that a network of car washes and gasoline stations was used by a syndicate for their illegal financial activities.

  50. 50.

    The text of Acts 2: 43–47 makes reference to the life of the first Christians and in the New International Version is described as follows: “Everyone was filled with awe at the many wonders and signs performed by the apostles. All the believers were together and had everything in common. They sold property and possessions to give to anyone who had need. Every day they continued to meet together in the temple courts. They broke bread in their homes and ate together with glad and sincere hearts, praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Brazil

    Eduardo Guilherme de Moura Paegle

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  1. Eduardo Guilherme de Moura Paegle
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of History, Geneva College, Beaver Falls, PA, USA

    Eric Miller

  2. Department of History and Global Studies, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA

    Ronald J. Morgan

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de Moura Paegle, E.G. (2019). Evangelicals and the Protests of June 2013. In: Miller, E., Morgan, R. (eds) Brazilian Evangelicalism in the Twenty-First Century. Christianity and Renewal - Interdisciplinary Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13686-4_7

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