Abstract
The biopsychosocial model applies to pain medicine. There are complex psychological and social factors inherent in the pain experience which interacts with biological forces. Patients with chronic pain have a high incidence of psychological symptoms and distress leading to the diagnosis of mental disorders. Evaluation of the psychological state of a patient for purposes of treatment planning is essential and especially so when interventional pain treatments are considered. These steps ensure good patient care. There are many mental health treatment options for pain patients. Inclusion of a psychological component for patients with pain will improve outcomes of medical care and may limit further progression of the pain disorder.
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Jacobs, M.S. (2019). Psychological Treatments to Improve Outcomes. In: Deer, T., Pope, J., Lamer, T., Provenzano, D. (eds) Deer's Treatment of Pain. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12281-2_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12281-2_16
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