Abstract
The pre-adjusted edgewise or StraightWire appliance was introduced by Andrews in the 1970s, largely based on occlusal cornerstones derived from analysis of untreated ideals (Andrews 1972). Specifically, Andrews isolated 6 keys to the ideal occlusion based on analysis of 120 non-orthodontic normal occlusions, namely:
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Andrews LF. The six keys to normal occlusion. Am J Orthod. 1972;62(3):296–309.
Angle EH. The latest and best in orthodontic mechanism. Dental Cosmos. 1928;70:1143–58.
Arash V, Rabiee M, Rakhshan V, Khorasani S, Sobouti F. In vitro evaluation of frictional forces of two ceramic orthodontic brackets versus a stainless steel bracket in combination with two types of archwires. J Orthod Sci. 2015;4(2):42–6.
Begg PR. Stone Age man’s dentition: with reference to anatomically correct occlusion, the etiology of malocclusion, and a technique for its treatment. Am J Orthod. 1954;40(4):298–312.
Braun S, Bluestein M, Moore BK, Benson G. Friction in perspective. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1999;115(6):619–27.
Burrow SJ. Friction and resistance to sliding in orthodontics: a critical review. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009;135(4):442–7.
Cacciafesta V, Sfondrini MF, Ricciardi A, Scribante A, Klersy C, Auricchio F. Evaluation of friction of stainless steel and esthetic self-ligating brackets in various bracket-archwire combinations. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2003;124(4):395–402.
El-Angbawi AM, Yassir YA, McIntyre GT, Revie GF, Bearn DR. A randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slot orthodontic bracket systems: part 3—biological side-effects of treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjy039.
Gioka C, Eliades T. Materials-induced variation in the torque expression of preadjusted appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2004;125(3):323–8.
Hain M, Dhopatkar A, Rock P. The effect of ligation method on friction in sliding mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2003;123(4):416–22.
Harradine NW. Self-ligating brackets: where are we now? J Orthod. 2003;30(3):262–73.
Keim RG, Gottlieb EL, Nelson AH. 2002 JCO study of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment procedures. Part 2. Breakdowns of selected variables. J Clin Orthod. 2002;36(11):627–36.
McLaughlin RP, Bennett JC. Evolution of treatment mechanics and contemporary appliance design in orthodontics: a 40-year perspective. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2015;147(6):654–62.
McLaughlin RP, Bennett JC, Trevisi HJ. Systemized orthodontic treatment mechanics. St. Louis: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2001.
O’Reilly D, Dowling PA, Lagerstrom L, Swartz ML. An ex vivo investigation into the effect of bracket displacement on the resistance to sliding. J Orthod. 1999;26(3):219–27.
Pandis N, et al. Maxillary incisor torque with conventional and self-ligating brackets: a prospective clinical trial. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2006;9(4):193–8.
Peck S. A biographical portrait of Edward Hartley Angle, the first specialist in orthodontics, part 1. Angle Orthod. 2009;79(6):1021–7.
Penning EW, Peerlings RH, Govers JD, Rischen RJ, Zinad K, Bronkhorst EM, Breuning KH, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Orthodontics with customized versus noncustomized appliances: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Dent Res. 2017;96(13):1498–504.
Roth RH. The straight-wire appliance 17 years later. J Clin Orthod. 1987;21(9):632–42.
Russell JS. Current products and practice: aesthetic orthodontic brackets. J Orthod. 2005;32(2):146–63.
Thickett E, Taylor NG, Hodge T. Choosing a pre-adjusted orthodontic appliance prescription for anterior teeth. J Orthod. 2007;34(2):95–100.
Wu AK, McGrath C, Wong RW, Wiechmann D, Rabie ABM. A comparison of pain experienced by patients treated with labial and lingual orthodontic appliances. Eur J Orthod. 2009;32(4):403–7.
Yassir YA, El-Angbawi AM, McIntyre GT, Revie GF, Bearn DR. A randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of 0.018-inch and 0.022-inch slot orthodontic bracket systems: part 2—quality of treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjy038.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fleming, P., Seehra, J. (2019). Appliance Selection. In: Fixed Orthodontic Appliances. BDJ Clinician’s Guides. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12165-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12165-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12164-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12165-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)