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Molecular Predictors of Clinical Behavior in Pituitary Adenohypophysial Tumors

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Pituitary Disorders of Childhood

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

Pituitary adenohypophysial tumors range from small indolent incidental findings to progressive neoplasms that invade the base of the brain. This chapter focuses on biomarkers that have been examined to help distinguish between these differing behaviors. This is particularly relevant in childhood cases where treatment and surveillance plans can have far-reaching implications. We review the familial syndromes that predispose to tumor development. We emphasize the histological subtypes that can be diagnosed using morphologic and immunophenotyping techniques. We then review candidate biomarkers including proliferation markers, metalloproteinases, growth factors and their receptors, as well as hormone and cytokine receptors. We conclude with larger chromosomal aberrations and microRNAs that have been implicated in epigenetic dysregulation. These data provide an integrated approach to formulate a risk stratification system for patients with pituitary tumors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Shereen Ezzat

  2. Pathology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Sylvia L. Asa

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  1. Shereen Ezzat
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  2. Sylvia L. Asa
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  1. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, New York University, New York, NY, USA

    Brenda Kohn

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Ezzat, S., Asa, S.L. (2019). Molecular Predictors of Clinical Behavior in Pituitary Adenohypophysial Tumors. In: Kohn, B. (eds) Pituitary Disorders of Childhood. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11339-1_9

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