Conclusion

Abstract

In this book, I sought to answer the question of where the balance between international sporting governing bodies’ interests and values enshrined in rules regarding sporting nationality on one hand, and athletes’ rights under EU law on the other hand, lies. I started with the hypothesis that certain sporting nationality rules constitute a disproportionate restriction on the rights that athletes derive from EU law, primarily the EU citizenship, free movement of persons, competition or fundamental rights. As I confirmed this hypothesis throughout this book, I have simultaneously formulated concrete recommendations for sporting governing bodies in order to better adapt their sporting nationality rules to EU law requirements therefore securing their compatibility with EU law.