Abstract
In this chapter we explore the role of language- and meaning-focused instruction for supporting literacy acquisition in akshara-based languages, drawing upon examples from Hindi and the Devanagari script. Instruction of lower- and higher-level literacy skills typically targeted in pre- and primary school years are examined with a particular focus on the phonological, orthographic and morpho-syntactic domains. The role of affective-motivational aspects in learning and a strong cultural embedding of teaching-learning materials and pedagogical strategies are highlighted, with implications for native speakers and second language learners, in contexts of diglossia, and with demographically diverse groups. Such a multi-component curriculum is dependent on the perceptiveness and sensibilities of teachers, their attitudes towards teaching and learning, specific pedagogical skills and concrete knowledge-bases. We discuss the challenges this holds.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Aboud, F. E. (2006). Evaluation of an early childhood preschool program in rural Bangladesh. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21(1), 46–60.
Adams, M. (1994). Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Amritavalli, R. (2007). English in deprived circumstances: Maximising learner autonomy. Hyderabad, India: Foundation Books. https://doi.org/10.1017/UPO9788175968684.
Annual Survey of Education Report. (2017, Jan). Annual survey of education report, 2016. ASER Center: New Delhi, India.
Arulmani, G. (2016). Contexts and circumstances: The cultural preparation process approach to career development. In M. McMahon (Ed.), Career counselling: Constructivist approaches (2nd ed., pp. 79–90). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
ASER 2016, (2017). Annual Status of Education Report (Rural) 2016: Provisional Report. http://img.asercentre.org/docs/Publications/ASER%20Reports/ASER%202016/aser_2016.pdf. retrieved on 20th April, 2018.
Aturupane, H., Glewwe, P., & Wisniewski, S. (2013). The impact of school quality, socioeconomic factors, and child health on students’ academic performance: Evidence from Sri Lankan primary schools. Education Economics, 21(1), 2–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2010.511852.
Badheka, G. (1932/1986). Divaswapna. http://www.mavjibhai.com/EBOOKS/Divaswapna_Eng.pdf
Bhattacharjea, S., Wadhwa, W., & Banerji, R. (2011). Inside primary schools. A study of teaching and learning in rural India. Mumbai, India: Pratham.
Bhide, A. (2018). Copying helps novice learners build orthographic knowledge: Methods for teaching Devanagari akshara. Reading and Writing, 31, 1–33.
Educational Initiatives. (2010). Student learning study. Ahmedabad, India: Educational Initiatives.
Geetha, V. (2012). Literacy and reading: A Tamil experiment. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 9, 63–84.
Gupta, A. (2004). Reading difficulties of Hindi speaking children with developmental dyslexia. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 17, 79–99.
Hammer, C. S., Hoff, E., Uchikoshi, Y., Gillanders, C., Castro, D. C., & Sandilos, L. E. (2014). The language and literacy development of young dual language learners: A critical review. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 29(4), 715–733.
Jayaram, K. (2008). Early literacy project: Explorations and reflections. Part 1: Theoretical perspectives. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 5(2), 133–174.
Kalia, V., & Reese, E. (2009). Relations between Indian children’s home literacy environment and their English oral language and literacy skills. Scientific Studies of Reading, 13(2), 122–145.
Karanth, S. (1995). oduva ata ‘Reading Games’. Bangalore, India: SBs Publishers.
Kshirsagar, S., & Poovaiah, R. (2015). Investigating frequently used stroke sequence, of handwritten Devanagari letters, by observing second script learners. Paper presented in the International Conference on Research into Design, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.
Krishnamurti, J. (1985). Life ahead. London, UK: Victor Gollancz Ltd.
Khubchandani, L. M. (1981). Language, education and social justice. In search of tomorrow, Issue 2. Pune, India: Centre for Communication Studies.
Kumar, K. (1994). Child’s language and the teacher. New Delhi, India: National Book Trust.
Kurrien, Z. (2014). Helping young children learn. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Mathur, C. (2013a). Hindi ki Duniya 1, Textbook. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Mathur, C. (2013b). Hindi ki Duniya 1, Workbook. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Mathur, C. (2013c). Hindi ki Duniya 2, Textbook. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Mathur, C. (2013d). Hindi ki Duniya 3, Textbook. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Mathur, C. (2013e). Hindi Ki Duniya, A Guide of Teachers 1, For Course Book 1 & 2. Hyderabad, India: Orient Blackswan.
Menon, S., & Thirumalai, B. (2016). Curricular materials in early language and literacy classrooms in Karnataka and Maharashtra. In D. Nawani (Ed.), Teaching-learning resources for school education (pp. 394–404). New Delhi, India: Sage Publications.
Mohanan, K. P. (1986). The theory of lexical phonology. Dordrecht: Reidel.
Nag, S. (2007). Early reading in Kannada: The pace of acquisition of orthographic knowledge and phonemic awareness. Journal of Research in Reading, 30(1), 7–22.
Nag, S. (2013). Low literacy attainments in school and approaches to diagnosis: An exploratory study. Contemporary Education Dialogue, 10(2), 197–221.
Nag, S. (2014). Akshara-phonology mappings: The common yet uncommon case of the consonant cluster. Writing Systems Research, 6, 105–119.
Nag, S. (2017). Learning to read Kannada and other languages of South Asia. In L. Verhoeven & C. Perfetti (Eds.), Reading acquisition across languages and writing systems. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Nag, S., & Narayanan, B. (this volume). Orthographic knowledge, spelling and reading development in Tamil: The first three years. In M. Joshi & C. McBride (Eds.), Handbook of akshara languages. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Nag, S., & Sircar, S. (2008). Learning to read in Bengali: Report of a survey in five Kolkata primary schools. Bangalore, India: The Promise Foundation.
Nag, S., & Snowling, M. J. (June, 2011). Reading comprehension, decoding and oral language. The EFLU Journal, English and Foreign Languages University, 2, 75–93.
Nag, S., Snowling, M. J., & Asfaha, Y. (2016). Classroom literacy practices in low- and middle-income countries: An interpretative synthesis of ethnographic studies. Oxford Education Review, 42(1), 36–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2015.1135115.
Nag, S., Ramkumar, S., Miranda, R., Sutar, L., Krishna, M., Aravind, S., Kala, B., & Arulmani, G. (2014a, October). Home and school learning environment: Field notes from eight urban, public-funded nursery and primary schools (Working Paper). Bangalore, India: The Promise Foundation.
Nag, S., Snowling, M. J., Quinlan, P., & Hulme, C. (2014b). Child and symbol factors in learning to read a visually complex writing system. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(5), 309–324.
Nag, S., Vagh, S. B., Dulay, K. M., & Snowling, M. J. (2018). Home language, school language and children’s literacy attainments: A systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries. Review of Education: An International Journal of Major Studies in Education.https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3130.
National Achievement Survey. (2014). Class V: Subject wise report. New Delhi, India: NCERT.
Patel, P. G. (2004). Reading acquisition in India: Models of learning and dyslexia. New Delhi, India: Sage Publishers.
Poe, E. A. (1962). The raven. In Selected stories and poems (pp. 223–227). New York, NY: Airmont Books.
Ray, S. (2004). Abol Tabol: The nonsense world of Sukumar Ray (Translated from Bengali into English by Sampura Chattarji). New Delhi, India: Penguin.
Reese, L., Garnier, H., Gallimore, R., & Gldenberg, C. (2000). Longitudinal analysis of the antecedents of emergent Spanish literacy and middle-school English reading achievement of Spanish-speaking students. American Educational Research Journal, 37(3), 633–662. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312037003633.
Sahi, J. (2015). ‘In our own words: A resource book for primary school teachers’, Eklavya, 2015, Bhopal, India.
Saigal, A. (2012). Demonstrating a situated learning approach for in-service teacher education in rural India: The Quality Education Programme in Rajasthan. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28, 1009–1017.
Sen, R., & Blatchford, P. (2001). Reading in a second language: Factors associated with progress in young children. Educational Psychology, 21(2), 189–202.
Sircar, S., & Nag, S. (this volume). Spelling and reading words in Bengali: The role of distributed phonology. In M. Joshi & C. McBride (Eds.), Handbook of akshara languages. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Suteyev, V. (2002). Me too: A picture story. Translated into Hindi from Russian. Bhopal, India: Eklavya Publishers.
Tagore, R. (1918). tootakaahini ‘The Parrot’s Tale’. Sobuj Patra, Kolkata: India http://dsal.uchicago.edu/digbooks/digpager.html?BOOKID=PK1664.D6_1988&object=25. Retrieved on 20th April, 2018.
Teale, W. H., & Sulzby, E. (1986). Introduction: Emergent literacy as a perspective for examining how children become writers and readers. In W. H. Teale & E. Sulzby (Eds.), Emergent literacy: Writing and reading. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Vagh, S. B. (2009). Learning at home and at school: A longitudinal study of Hindi language and emergent literacy skills of young children from low-income families in India (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Graduate School of Education, Harvard University.
Vaid, J., & Gupta, A. (2002). Exploring word recognition in a semi-alphabetic script: The case of Devanagari. Brain and Language, 81, 679–690.
Verhoeven, L. T. (1994). Transfer in bilingual development: The linguistic interdependence hypothesis revisited. Language Learning, 44(3), 381–415.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). In A. Kozulin (Ed.), Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Wijayathilake, D., & Parrila, R. (2014). Predictors of word reading in good and struggling readers in Sinhalese. Writing Systems Research, 6, 120–131.
World Declaration on Education For All: Meeting Basic Learning Needs. (1990). World Conference on Education for All, Jomtein, Thailand, March 1990. http://www.un-documents.net/jomtien.htm. Retrieved on 8th April, 2018.
Winskel, H., & Iemwanthong, K. (2010). Reading and spelling acquisition in Thai children. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 23, 1021–1053.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mathur, C., Nag, S. (2019). Language-Focused Instruction for Literacy Acquisition in Akshara-based Languages: Pedagogical Considerations and Challenges. In: Joshi, R.M., McBride, C. (eds) Handbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography. Literacy Studies, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05977-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05977-4_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-05976-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-05977-4
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)