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Languages other than English in Australian Higher Education pp 75–103Cite as

Australia: Both Multicultural and Multilingual

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Part of the book series: Language Policy ((LAPO,volume 17))

Abstract

The title of this chapter, Australia both multicultural and multilingual, homes in on the issues facing Australia as a result of its huge post-war migration scheme. Not only did Australia become more multicultural demographically, but also consequently multilingual. As migrant communities became established in Australian society, they sought the right for their languages to be taught both in schools and universities. Government policies were changing: from the infamous White Australia policy formulated at Federation, to attitudes of assimilation and then integration. Changing governments tackled these issues calling for reports into migrant services, languages taught in the tertiary sector, how and why certain languages should be taught. Small community languages were vulnerable to funding cuts and variable student demand. Two case studies, one into Ukrainian and the other on Yiddish show the powerfulness of philanthropy in enabling community languages to continue.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Economically, socially and politically, indigenous people had extremely limited rights.

  2. 2.

    Jean Martin was a prominent sociological researcher.

  3. 3.

    Russian was not only a migrant language but a scientific one and the language of a Cold War country of which more will be discussed in Chap. 6.

  4. 4.

    Migration from Spanish-speaking South American countries was increasing.

  5. 5.

    The United Kingdom eventually joined the European Economic Community in 1973.

  6. 6.

    Modern Greek classes already planned for since the late 1960s, began at the Universities of Sydney and Melbourne in 1974, encouraged by the universities and Federal government as the language of one of the largest migrant communities and supported by funds from the Greek community.

  7. 7.

    Explanatory notes from the migration data suggest that figures on the former Yugoslavian countries are significantly understated.

  8. 8.

    Equivalent Full Time Student Unit (Australia).

  9. 9.

    Here is the philanthropy of the Jewish community supporting Yiddish just as the Ukrainian community supported Ukrainian.

  10. 10.

    This emphasis on English was not new. The 1978 Galbally Report had said the teaching of English was the highest priority.

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    Jennifer Joan Baldwin

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Baldwin, J.J. (2019). Australia: Both Multicultural and Multilingual. In: Languages other than English in Australian Higher Education. Language Policy, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05795-4_4

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