Abstract
This chapter provides an introduction to the contents of Bellomo and Gibelli (Crowd dynamics, volume 1 – theory, models, and safety problems. Modeling and simulation in science, engineering, and technology. Birkhäuser, New York, 2018) and a general critical analysis on crowd modeling. The presentation is organized in three parts: firstly, a general framework and rationale toward the modeling and simulations of human crowds are proposed; subsequently the contents of Chaps. 2, 3, 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 and 9 are summarized by referring to the existing literature; finally, by taking advantage of the contents of the whole book, some speculations are proposed on possible research perspectives. Five key problems are presented, and hints are given to tackle them within a multiscale vision which appears to be the most looking forward idea to be pursued in research projects.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
G. Ajmone Marsan, N. Bellomo, and L. Gibelli, Stochastic evolutionary differential games toward a systems theory of behavioral social dynamics, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 26, 1051–1093, (2016).
G. Albi, M. Bongini, E. Cristiano, and D. Kalise, Invisible control of self-organizing agents leaving unknown environments, Siam J. Appl. Math., 76(4), 1683–1710, (2016).
B. Andreianov, C. Donadello, U. Razafison and M. D. Rosini, One-dimensional conservation laws with non-local point constraints on the flux, Chapter 5 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
R. Bailo, J. A. Carrillo, and P. Degond, Pedestrian models based on rational behaviour, Chapter 9 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
P. Ball, Why Society is a Complex Matter, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, (2012).
N. Bellomo and A. Bellouquid, On multiscale models of pedestrian crowds from mesoscopic to macroscopic, Comm. Math. Sciences, 13(7), 1649–1664, (2015).
N. Bellomo, A. Bellouquid, L. Gibelli, and N. Outada, A Quest Towards a Mathematical Theory of Living Systems, Birkhäuser, New York, (2017).
N. Bellomo, A. Bellouquid, and D. Knopoff, From the microscale to collective crowd dynamics, Multiscale Model. Simul., 11(3), 943–963, (2013).
N. Bellomo, D. Clarke, L. Gibelli, P. Townsend, and B.J. Vreugdenhil, Human behaviours in evacuation crowd dynamics: From modeling to “big data” toward crisis management, Phys. Life Rev., 18, 1–21, (2016).
N. Bellomo, and L. Gibelli, Toward a mathematical theory of behavioral-social dynamics for pedestrian crowds, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 25(13), 2417–2437, (2015).
N. Bellomo and L. Gibelli, Behavioral crowds: Modeling and Monte Carlo simulations toward validation, Computers & Fluids, 141, 13–21, (2016).
N. Bellomo and L. Gibelli, Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
N. Bellomo, L. Gibelli, and N. Outada, On the interplay between behavioral dynamics and social interactions in human crowds, Kinet. Relat. Mod., 12(2), 397–409, (2019).
A. Bellouquid and N. Chouhad, Kinetic models of chemotaxis towards the diffusive limit: asymptotic analysis, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 39, 3136–3151, (2016).
A.L. Bertozzi, J. Rosado, M.B. Short, and L. Wang, Contagion shocks in one dimension, J. Stat. Phys., 158, 647–664, (2015).
G.A. Bird, Molecular Gas Dynamics and the Direct Simulation of Gas Flows, Oxford University Press, (1994).
R. Borsche, A. Klar, and F. Schneider, Numerical methods for mean-field and moment models for pedestrian flow, Chapter 7 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
M. Burger, P. Markowich, J.F. Pietschmann, Continuous limit of a crowd motion and herding Model: analysis and numerical simulations, Kinet. Rel. Models, 4(4), 1025–1047, (2011).
D. Burini and N. Chouhad, Hilbert method toward a multiscale analysis from kinetic to macroscopic models for active particles, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 27, 1327–1353, (2017).
D. Burini, S. De Lillo, and L. Gibelli, Stochastic differential “nonlinear” games modeling collective learning dynamics, Phys. Life Rev., 16, 123–139, (2016).
J.-A. Carrillo, S. Martin, and M.-T. Wolfram An improved version of the Hughes model for pedestrian flow Math. Model. Methods Appl. Sci., 26(04), 671–697, (2016).
C. Cercignani, R. Illner, and M. Pulvirenti, The Kinetic Theory of a Diluted Gas, Springer, Heidelberg, New York, (1993).
M. Colangeli, A. Muntean, O. Richardson and T. Thieu, Modelling interactions between active and passive agents moving through heterogeneous environments, Chapter 8 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
E. Cristiani, B. Piccoli, and A. Tosin, Multiscale Modeling of Pedestrian Dynamics, Springer, (2014).
E. Cristiani, F.S. Priuli, and A. Tosin, Modeling rationality to control self-organization of crowds: an environmental approach, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 75(2), 605–629, (2015).
A. Corbetta, A. Mountean, and K. Vafayi, Parameter estimation of social forces in pedestrian dynamics models via probabilistic method, Math. Biosci. Eng., 12, 337–356, (2015).
P. Degond, C. Appert-Rolland, M. Moussaid, J. Pettré, and G. Theraulaz, A hierarchy of heuristic-based models of crowd dynamics, J. Stat. Phys., 152, 1033–1068, (2013).
P. Degond, C. Appert-Rolland, J. Pettré, and G. Theraulaz, Vision based macroscopic pedestrian models, Kinetic Related Models, 6, 809–839, (2013).
J.-M. Epstein J.M., Modeling civil violence: An agent based computational approach, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 99, 7243–7250, (2002).
Z. Fu, L. Luo, Y. Yang, Y. Zhuang, P. Zhang, L. Yang, H. Yang, J. Ma, K. Zhu, and Y. Li, Effect of speed matching on fundamental diagram of pedestrian flow, Physica A, 458, 31–42, (2016).
H. Gintis, Game Theory Evolving, 2nd Ed., Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, (2009).
M. Haghani, and M. Sarvi, Social dynamics in emergency evacuations: Disentangling crowds attraction and repulsion effects, Physica A, 475, 24–34, (2017).
D. Helbing, Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems, Rev. Modern Phys., 73, 1067–1141, (2001).
D. Helbing and P. Molnár, Social force model for pedestrian dynamics Phys. Rev. E, 51, 4282–4286, (1995).
D. Helbing, P. Molnár, I.-J. Farkas, and K. Bolay, Self-organizing pedestrian movement, Environ. Plan. B Plan. Des., 28(3), 361–383, (2001).
D. Helbing D. and A. Johansson, Pedestrian crowd and evacuation dynamics, Enciclopedia of Complexity and System Science, Springer, 6476–6495, (2009).
D. Helbing, A. Johansson, and H.-Z. Al-Abideen, Dynamics of crowd disasters: An empirical study, Phys. Rev. E, 75, paper no. 046109, (2007).
D. Hilbert, Mathematical problems, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 8(10) (1902), 437–479.
S.P. Hoogendoorn, F. van Wageningen-Kessels, W. Daamen, and D.C. Duives, Continuum modelling of pedestrian flows: From microscopic principles to self-organised macroscopic phenomena, Physica A, 416, 684–694, (2014).
R. L. Hughes A continuum theory for the flow of pedestrians, Transp. Research B, 36, 507–536, (2002).
R.L. Hughes, The flow of human crowds, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 35, 169–182, (2003).
M. Kinateder, T. D. Wirth, and W. H. Warren, Crowd Dynamics in Virtual Reality, Chapter 2 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
A. Lachapelle, M.T. Wolfram, On a mean field game approach modeling congestion and aversion in pedestrian crowds Transportation Research B, 45, 1572–1589, (2011).
F. Martinez-Gil, M. Lozano, I. Garcia-Fernández and F. Fernández, Modeling, evaluation and scale on artificial pedestrians: A literature review, ACM Computing Surveys, In press (2018).
B. Maury, and J. Venel A discrete contact model for crowd motion, ESAIM: M2AN, 45, 145–168, (2011).
M. Moussaïd, E.-G. Guillot, M. Moreau, J. Fehrenbach, O. Chabiron, S. Lemercier, J. Pettré, C. Appert-Rolland, P. Degond, and G. Theraulaz, Traffic instabilities in self-organized pedestrian crowds PLoS Comput. Biol., 8(3), (2012).
M. Moussaïd, D. Helbing, S. Garnier, A. Johansson, M. Combe, and G. Theraulaz, Experimental study of the behavioural mechanisms underlying self-organization in human crowds, Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 276, 2755–2762, (2009).
M. Moussaïd and G. Theraulaz, Comment les piétons marchent dans la foule. La Recherche, 450, 56–59, (2011).
L. Pareschi and G. Toscani, Interacting Multiagent Systems: Kinetic Equations and Monte Carlo Methods Oxford University Press, Oxford, (2014).
B. Piccoli and F. Rossi, Measure-theoretic models for crowd dynamics, Chapter 6 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
F. Ronchi, F. Nieto Uriz, X. Criel, and P. Reilly, Modelling large-scale evacuation of music festival. Fire Safety, 5, 11–19, (2016).
E. Ronchi and D. Nilsson Pedestrian Movement in Smoke: Theory, Data and Modelling Approaches, Chapter 3 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
L. Saint-Raymond, Hydrodynamic limits of the Boltzmann equation, Lecture Notes in Mathematics n.1971, Springer, Berlin, (2009).
A. Schadschneider, M. Chraibi, A. Seyfried, A. Tordeux, and J. Zhang, Pedestrian Dynamics - From Empirical Results to Modeling, Chapter 4 in Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1 - Theory, Models, and Safety Problems, Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering, and Technology, Birkhäuser, New York, (2018).
A. Schadschneider, W. Klingsch, H. Kläpfel, T. Kretz, C. Rogsch, and A. Seyfried, Evacuation Dynamics: Empirical Results, Modeling and Applications, Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Scence, 3142–3176, (2009).
A. Schadschneider and A. Seyfried, Empirical results for pedestrian dynamics and their implications for modeling. Netw. Heterog. Media, 6, 545–560, (2011).
A. Seyfried, B. Steffen, W. Klingsch, and M. Boltes, The fundamental diagram of pedestrian movement revisited, J. Stat. Mech.: Theory and Experiments, 360, 232–238, (2006).
H. Vermuyten, J. Belien, L. De Boeck, G. Reniers, and T. Wauters, A review of optimisation models for pedestrian evacuation and design problems, Safety Science, 87, 167–178, (2016).
L. Wang, M.B. Short, and A.L. Bertozzi, Efficient numerical methods for multiscale crowd dynamics with emotional contagion, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 27, 205–230, (2017).
N. Wijermans, C. Conrado, M. van Steen, C. Martella, and J.-L. Li, A landscape of crowd management support: An integrative approach, Safety Science, 86, 142–164, (2016).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bellomo, N., Gibelli, L. (2018). Behavioral Human Crowds. In: Gibelli, L., Bellomo, N. (eds) Crowd Dynamics, Volume 1. Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology. Birkhäuser, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05129-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05129-7_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-05128-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-05129-7
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)