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Hepatocellular Cancer Induced by Infection

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Microbiome and Cancer

Part of the book series: Current Cancer Research ((CUCR))

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Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Chronic viral infections contribute to approximately three-fourths of these cancers either as direct carcinogens or indirectly mediated through progressive hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Bacteria, specifically the gut microbiome, also contributes to the in the genesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, the major non-viral causes of chronic liver disease predisposing to liver cancer, alter the composition of the gut microbiome, which appears to foster development and progression of pre-malignant and malignant liver neoplasms. Emerging data implicates patterns of dysbiosis with alterations of bile acid metabolism, insulin resistance, fibrogenesis, and gut barrier integrity that contribute to intrahepatic inflammatory signaling and carcinogenesis. In vitro, small animal model, and human data supporting the role of chronic viral infection and bacterial derangements in hepatocarcinogenesis will be reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    David E. Kaplan & Kyong-Mi Chang

  2. Section of Gastroenterology, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    David E. Kaplan & Kyong-Mi Chang

  3. Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Arun Sanyal

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  1. David E. Kaplan
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  2. Kyong-Mi Chang
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  3. Arun Sanyal
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Correspondence to David E. Kaplan or Kyong-Mi Chang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Abramson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Erle S. Robertson

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Kaplan, D.E., Chang, KM., Sanyal, A. (2019). Hepatocellular Cancer Induced by Infection. In: Robertson, E. (eds) Microbiome and Cancer. Current Cancer Research. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04155-7_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04155-7_12

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