Abstract
This chapter presents a survey on equation of state (EOS) for high-pressure natural gas (NG), pure CO2, and CO2-rich NG systems. The cubic EOS’s—PR-EOS, RK-EOS, SRK-EOS—are discussed in detail, with formulas for residual properties used in NG engineering. The text also discusses EOS’s of higher complexity for pure CO2 and CO2-rich NG: Span–Wagner EOS (SW-EOS), cubic-plus-association EOS (CPA-EOS), and GERG-2004/2008-EOS. EOS performances and applicability are qualitatively discussed. Some EOS’s are quantitatively compared for high-pressure pure CO2—including the critical neighborhood—in terms of density, enthalpy, isobaric heat capacity, and sound speed. The performance of the most popular EOS for NG processing—PR-EOS—is evaluated for CO2-rich NG, by comparing its predictions with available experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data—bubble-point, dew-point, and critical pressures—for the binary CH4–CO2 in wide ranges of compositions and temperatures. The binary CH4–CO2 is interesting because the literature has a reasonable amount of VLE CH4–CO2 data, and it is a prototype system for representation of high-pressure dry CO2-rich NG. The PR-EOS is also demonstrated with CH4–CO2 systems for predicting VLE envelopes and three-dimensional color maps on plane P × T for density, enthalpy, isobaric heat capacity, sound speed, isothermal compressibility, and isobaric expansivity of single-phase fluid.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ahmed, T.: Equations of state and PVT analysis applications for improved reservoir modeling. Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas (2007)
Al-Sahhaf, T.A., et al.: Liquid + vapor equilibria in the N2 + CO2 + CH4 system. Department of Chemical and petroleum. Refining Engineering, Colorado School of Mines (1983)
Ávila-Méndez, G.A., Justo-García, D.N., García-Sánchez, F., García-Flores, B.E.: Prediction of phase behavior for the system methane-carbon dioxide-hydrogen sulfide-water with the PR and PC-SAFT equations of state. Open Thermodyn. J. 5(Suppl 1–M6), 63–70 (2011)
Donnelly, H.G., Katz, D.L.: Phase equilibria in the carbon dioxide—methane system. Ind. Eng. Chem. 46, 511 (1954)
Folas, G.K., Gabrielsen, J., Michelsen, M.L., Stenby, E.H., Kontogeorgis, G.M.: Application of the cubic-plus-association (CPA) equation of state to cross-associating systems. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 44, 3823–3833 (2005)
Genesis: Equation of state prediction of carbon dioxide properties. Project Kingsnorth Carbon Capture and Storage Project. CP-GNS-FAS-DRP-0001. http://www.decc.gov.uk/assets/decc/11/ccs/chapter6/6.23-equation-of-state-prediction-of-carbon-dioxide-properties.pdf (2011)
Hlavinka, M.W., Hernandez, V.N., McCartney, D.: Proper interpretation of freezing and hydrate prediction results from process simulation. Bryan Research & Engineering, Inc. (2006)
Hwang, S., et al.: Dew-point study in vapor-liquid region of the methane-carbon dioxide system. Department of Chemical Engineering, William Marsh Rice University, Houston (1976)
Im, U.K., Kurata, F.: Phase equilibrium of carbon dioxide and light paraffins in presence of solid carbon dioxide. J. Chem. Eng. Data 16(3), 295–299 (1971)
Kontogeorgis, G.M., Yakoumis, I.V., Meijer, H., Hendriks, E.M., Moorwood, T.: Multicomponent phase equilibrium calculations for water-methanol-alkane mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilib. 158–160, 201 (1999)
Kunz, O., Klimeck, R., Wagner, W., Jaeschke, M.: The GERG-2004 wide-range equation of state for natural gases and other mixtures. GERG Technical Monograph 15 (2007)
Kunz, O., Wagner, W.: The GERG-2008 wide-range equation of state for natural gases and other mixtures: an expansion of GERG-2004. J. Chem. Eng. Data 57, 3032–3091 (2012)
Li, H.: Thermodynamic properties of CO2 mixtures and their applications in advanced power cycles with CO2 capture processes. Energy Processes Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. TRITA-CHE Report 2008:58 (2008)
Li, H., Yan, J.: Evaluating cubic equations of state for calculation of vapor-liquid equilibrium of CO2 and CO2-mixtures for CO2 capture and storage processes. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (2009)
Moshfeghian, M.: How good are the detailed methods for sour gas density calculations? (2008b). http://www.jmcampbell.com/tip-of-the-month/2008/10/how-good-are-the-detailed-methods-for-sour-gas-density-calculations/
Moshfeghian, M.: How good are the shortcut methods for sour gas density calculations? (2008a). http://www.jmcampbell.com/tip-of-the-month/2008/09/how-good-are-the-shortcut-methods-for-sour-gas-density-calculations/
Smith, J.P., Clancy, J.: Understanding AGA report no. 10, Speed of sound in natural gas and other related hydrocarbon gases. http://www.asgmt.com/default/papers/asgmt2010/docs/W1_W2_4.pdf (2010)
Span, R., Wagner, W.: A new equation of state for carbon dioxide covering the fluid region from the triple-point temperature to 1100 K at pressures up to 800 MPa. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 25(6), 1509–1596 (1996)
Standing, M.B., Katz, D.L.: Density of natural gas gases. AIME Trans. 146, 140–149 (1942)
Webster, L.A., Kydnay, A.J.: Vapor–liquid equilibria for the methane-propan-carbon dioxide systems at 230 K and 270 K. Colorado School of Mines (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
de Medeiros, J.L., Araújo, O. (2019). Thermodynamic Modeling of CO2-Rich Natural Gas Fluid Systems. In: Offshore Processing of CO2-Rich Natural Gas with Supersonic Separator. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04006-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04006-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04005-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-04006-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)