The Early War Spy Scare and ‘The Hidden Hand’

Laurie-Fletcher, Danny

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03852-6_4

Danny Laurie-Fletcher²

184 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter discusses two aspects of attitudes towards spies and Germans in Britain during World War I. Firstly the British spy scare with its new and recurring themes from the earlier Edwardian spy scare that was often repeated during the war, along with those critical of the war spy scare. Secondly and finally, a study of the ‘hidden hand’, which was a conspiracy theory held by many, especially amongst the radical right, who believed Britain was under the control or under the influence of wealthy German-British or German-Jewish plutocrats. This was one of the major recurring spy themes of the war. The ‘hidden hand’ was often a continuation of pre-war anti-Jewish sentiment in a different guise, which became more hostile because of an actual war.

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Notes

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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
The Manchester Guardian, 28 September 1914, 4.
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10.
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11.
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12.
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16.
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17.
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18.
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22.
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23.
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24.
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27.
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29.
The novel was serialised in 1918.
30.
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31.
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32.
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33.
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34.
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35.
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36.
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38.
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39.
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40.
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41.
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51.
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65.
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66.
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67.
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68.
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69.
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71.
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75.
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76.
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77.
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103.
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108.
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109.
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110.
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111.
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112.
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113.
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114.
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115.
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116.
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117.
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118.
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119.
Quoted in Panayi in Enemy in Our Midst, 170.
120.
Quoted in Panayi in Enemy in Our Midst, 173.
121.
Clark, Echoes of The Great War, 194.
122.
[L. J. Maxse], ‘Episode of the Month’, The National Review, vol. 66, no. 391 (September 1915), 57.
123.
Margaret FitzHerbert, The Man who was Greenmantle: A Biography of Aubrey Herbert, John Murray, London, 1983, 202.
124.
‘Mr. Billing Summoned: Charge of Libelling Miss Maud Allan’, The Times, 8 April 1918, 2.
125.
‘More “Plot” Stories in Billing Trial: Mrs George Keppel to Give Evidence: “A Political Camarilla”’, The Daily Chronicle, 1 June 1918, 3–4; ‘Strange Things at Billing Trial: Lord A. Douglas Denounces the Judge’, The Daily Chronicle, 3 June 1918, 4.
126.
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127.
‘Mr. Billing’s Defence: The German Black Book: Attack On The Judge’, The Times, 31 May 1918, 4; ‘Pemberton Billing’s “German Blackbook” Says Mr Justice Darling is on the List: Officer who saw the Volume’, The Daily Chronicle, 31 May 1918, 3.
128.
‘A Scandalous Trial’, The Times, 5 June 1918, 7.
129.
‘The Press of Mr. Billing’, The Daily Chronicle, 6 June 1918, 2.
130.
‘The Billing Case’, The Daily News, 5 June 1918, 4.
131.
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132.
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133.
[A. G. Gardiner], ‘The Vanishing Aliens’, The Daily News, 27 August 1918, 4.
134.
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135.
John A. Garrard, The English and Immigration 1880–1910, Oxford University Press, London & New York, 1971, 505; Bernard Gainer, The Alien Invasion: The Origins of the Aliens Act of 1905, Heinemann Educational Books, London, 1972, passim.
136.
TNA HO 45/10241/B.37811.
137.
E. F. Eddis, “That Goldheim!”: A Spy Story Exposing a Special Danger Resulting From Alien Immigration, Selwyn & Blount, London, 1918, 45.
138.
Eddis, “That Goldheim!”, 46.
139.
Eddis, “That Goldheim!”, 115–116.
140.
Eddis, “That Goldheim!”, 65.
141.
Eddis, “That Goldheim!”, 1.
142.
Cole, ‘The Death Trap’, 315.
143.
Flatau, “Yellow” English, 162.
144.
Buchan, Mr. Standfast, 67–70.
145.
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146.
Bernard Porter, The Origins of the Vigilant State: The London Metropolitan Police Special Branch Before the First World War, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1987, 169.
147.
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148.
“That Goldheim!”, Chelsea News and General Advertiser, 27 December 1918, 3.
149.
‘Matters of Moment: War and Cobdenism’, The Daily Express, 12 January 1915, 4; ‘Matters of Moment: All Tariff Reformers Now’, The Daily Express, 26 January 1915, 4; ‘Matters of Moment: Mr. Cobden’s Orders’, The Daily Express, 23 February 1915, 4; Arnold White, ‘Looking Around: Food and the Cabinet’, The Daily Express, 25 January 1915, 4.
150.
Eddis, “That Goldheim!”, 13.
151.
Flatau, “Yellow” English, 116.
152.
William Le Queux, Beryl of the Biplane: Being the Romance of an Air-woman of To-day, C. Arthur Pearson, London, 1917, 54; [Williamson], What I Found Out, 119.
153.
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155.
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Danny Laurie-Fletcher

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Laurie-Fletcher, D. (2019). The Early War Spy Scare and ‘The Hidden Hand’. In: British Invasion and Spy Literature, 1871–1918. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03852-6_4

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03852-6_4
Published: 01 March 2019
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