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Environmental Geoinformatics pp 323–357Cite as

Satellite Environmental Sensing

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Abstract

GNSS satellites such as GPS are playing an increasingly crucial role in tracking low earth orbiting (LEO) remote sensing satellites at altitudes below 3000 km with accuracies of better than 10 cm (Yunck in IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 28:108–116 1990, [2]). These remote sensing satellites employ a precise global network of GNSS, GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) and Altimetry ground receivers operating in concert with receivers onboard the LEO satellites, with all estimating the satellites’ orbits, GPS orbits, and selected ground locations simultaneously (Yunck in IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 28:108–116 1990, [2]).

GNSS data provide the opportunity to observe Earth system processes with greater accuracy and detail, as they occur.

— W. C. Hammond et al. [1]

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.gdgps.net/applications/index.html.

  2. 2.

    Total electronic contents.

  3. 3.

    Via http://www.cosmic.ucar.edu.

  4. 4.

    Via http://www.cosmic.ucar.edu.

  5. 5.

    Via http://www.tacc.cwb.gov.tw.

  6. 6.

    See, e.g., http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMV3FO4KKF_Germany_0.html.

  7. 7.

    http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/publications/brochure/page11.html.

  8. 8.

    See e.g., JPL publications in http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/newsroom/featurearchive/index.cfm?y=2010.

  9. 9.

    See http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/newsroom/featurearchive/index.cfm?FuseAction=ShowNews&NewsID=353.

  10. 10.

    See e.g., http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/newsroom/spotlights/index.cfm?FuseAction=ShowNews&NewsID=294.

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  1. Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia

    Joseph Awange

  2. Department of Geospatial and Space Technology, University of Nairobi , Nairobi, Kenya

    John Kiema

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Awange, J., Kiema, J. (2019). Satellite Environmental Sensing. In: Environmental Geoinformatics. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03017-9_23

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