Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide and the second commonest cancer affecting women in developing countries. In 2012 there were 530,000 new diagnoses (7.5% of all new cancer diagnoses in women) with 84% of these in resource-poor countries. In the same year, 270,000 women lost their lives to what is a preventable and treatable disease, and the overwhelming majority of these deaths were in women living in low- or middle-income countries.
Most cases of cervical cancer are attributable to infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), with types 16 and 18 causing up to 70% of all cervical cancers and precancerous lesions. HPV is transmitted sexually. It is usually acquired soon after the onset of sexual activity and is therefore extremely common in men and women who are sexually active.
The World Health Organization strategy for the prevention of cervical cancer comprises primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention for women at different stages of their lives and in various stages of the natural history of the disease.
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Doufekas, K., Achampong, Y., Olaitan, A. (2019). Prevention of Cervical Cancer. In: Farghaly, S. (eds) Uterine Cervical Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02701-8_2
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