Abstract
Fluoride (F) is the 13th most commonly found compound in the earth’s crust and occurs naturally in soil, water, and air. It is a crucial component of human health in minute quantities as it helps in the formation of tooth enamel and bone. However, according to World Health Organization guidelines, the permissible limit of F uptake is 1.5 mg/L; above this limit it causes severe diseases. For remediation, several conventional technologies have been developed, such as phytoremediation, electrokinetic systems, excavation, adsorption, reverse osmosis, and landfills. Nanobioremediation is a technique for removing pollutants from contaminated sites, using plants, microbes, etc., with the help of nanotechnology. Thus, certain nanomaterials—such as carbon-based nanomaterials, nanoscale iron nanoparticles, and graphene-based nanomaterials—seem to be more promising than most nanomaterials because of their high reactivity and adsorption capacity for F remediation.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD), India, for providing financial assistance for the research project “Center for Excellence (CoE)—Water and Energy.” The authors are deeply grateful to Prof. Aditya Shastri for providing research amenities and the Bioinformatics Centre, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan (India), for use of computational facilities.
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Singh, N., Khan, S. (2018). Nanobioremediation: An Innovative Approach to Fluoride (F) Contamination. In: Prasad, R., Aranda, E. (eds) Approaches in Bioremediation. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02369-0_15
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