Abstract
Two hydrodynamic problems related to the wear suffered by refractory linings at blast furnace runners during a stage of the steelmaking process are proposed. A thermo-hydrodynamic model is posed with the scope of finding the position of the critical isotherms inside the solid refractory layers. The computational domain is based on a runner at the ArcelorMittal Company, where the three-phase flow of slag, hot metal and air is solved using the SST K − ω turbulence model and the VOF method. Radiation heat transfer is accounted for using the S2S model. The impact of a jet of hot metal falling from the blast furnace on the runner is also analyzed using a similar hydrodynamic model. Shear stress, which is the main driving factor of the erosion rate, is computed at the impinging zone. Both models are solved using ANSYS Fluent.
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Notes
- 1.
These M open sets, called surfaces, can be taken as the cell faces on the boundary, which arise from the discretization of the computational domain. Therefore, more accurate computations are obtained, given the constraint that each surface is assumed to have a constant temperature.
- 2.
With σ, we denote the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, i.e., σ = 5.67 ⋅ 10−8 W/(m2 K4).
- 3.
This is reasonable, given that all radiation going out through those boundaries is expected to disperse around the casthouse and most incoming radiation would then be emitted by bodies at ambient temperature.
- 4.
It is also noteworthy that there is a degree of uncertainty on the actual position of the thermocouples. This is greatly worsened by the fact that the insulation layer has a low thermal conductivity (see Table 1), provoking that small deviations on the reported position of the thermocouples may imply high deviations on the computed temperature values due to the high temperature gradients.
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Acknowledgements
This work was partially supported by FEDER and Xunta de Galicia funds under the ED431C 2017/60 grant, by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness through the Plan Nacional de I+D+i (MTM2015-68275-R), the grant BES-2016-077228 and by the Vicerreitoría de Investigación e Innovación da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela via the Programa de Becas de Colaboración en Investigación 2016.
The authors would also like to acknowledge ArcelorMittal and personally thank Alejandro Lengomín and Sara Vázquez for their invaluable help to understand the phenomena in the complex industrial process that was modeled in this work.
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Barral, P., Nicolás, B., Pérez-Pérez, L.J., Quintela, P. (2019). Numerical Simulation of Wear-Related Problems in a Blast Furnace Runner. In: García Guirao, J., Murillo Hernández, J., Periago Esparza, F. (eds) Recent Advances in Differential Equations and Applications. SEMA SIMAI Springer Series, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00341-8_14
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