Skip to main content

Genioplasty Techniques

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 1946 Accesses

Abstract

Genioplasty or mentoplasty procedures have been commonly performed for many years [1, 2]. The goal of any genioplasty procedure is to restore harmony and balance of the chin with the face. Owing to the improvement of fixation techniques with plates and screws, reconstructive and corrective bone surgery has become considerably more predictable than was possible when wire osteosynthesis was used [2]. This chapter discusses the advantages, indications, and techniques for application of rigid internal fixation in genioplasty.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   239.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Leonard MS. The use of lag screws in mandibular fractures. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 1987;20(3):479–93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Spiessl B. Internal Fixation of the Mandible. In: A Manual of AO/ASIF Principles. Berlin: Springer; 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  3. McBride KL, Bell WH. Chin Surgery. In: Bell WH, Proffit WR, White RP, editors. Surgical Correction of Dentofacial Deformities: Philadelphia: Saunders; 1980. p. 1216–79.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Proffit WR. Treatment Planning: the Search for Wisdom. In: Profitt WR, White RP, editors. Surgical Orthodontic Treatment. Boston: Mosby; 1991. p. 142–91.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Gonzalez-Ulloa M. Quantitative principles in Sosmetic surgery of the face. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1963;29:2.

    Google Scholar 

  6. McNamara JA Jr. A method of cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod. 1984;86:449–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Moorrees CFA, Kean MR. Natural head position: a basic consideration for analysis of cephalometric radiographs. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1958;16:213–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ricketts RM. Perspectives in the clinical application of cephalometrics. Angle Orthod. 1981;51:115–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sassouni VA. A classification of skeletal facial types. Am J Orthod. 1969;55:109–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Solow B, Tallgren A. Natural head position in standing subjects. Acta Odontol Scand. 1971;29:591–607.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Steiner CC. Cephalometrics for you and me. Am J Orthod. 1953;39:729.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Steiner CC. The use of cephalometrics as an aid to planning and assessing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod. 1960;46:721–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Davis WJ, Davis CL, Daly BW. Long-term bony and soft tissue stability following advancement genioplasty. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;46:731.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Polido WD, De Clairefont Regis L, Bell WH. Bone resorption, stability, and soft-tissue changes following large chin advancements. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;49:251–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sik Park H, Ellis E, Fonseca RJ, Reynolds ST, Mayo KH, Arbor A. Oral surgery. A retrospective study of advancement genioplasty. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67:481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Patel P, Bagheri S. Genioplasty. In: Bagheri S, Jo C, editors. Clinical Review of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2008. p. 322.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bell RB. Computer planning and intraoperative navigation in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;69:592–605.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Popovich F, Thompson GW. Craniofacial templates for orthodontic case analysis. Am J Orthod. 1977;71:406–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Walker R. User Manual Dentofacial Planner Software. Toronto: Dentofacial Planner. p. 198.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Westermark A, Zachow S, Eppley BL. Three-dimensional osteotomy planning in maxillofacial surgery including soft tissue prediction. J Craniofac Surg. 2005;16(1):100–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ricketts RM. Esthetics, environment, and the law of lip relation. Am J Orthod. 1968;54(2):272–89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tollefson T, Sykes J. Computer imaging software for profile photograph analysis. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2007;9(2):113–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Lehman JA. Soft tissue manifestations of aesthetic defects of the jaws: diagnosis and treatment. Clin Plast Surg. 1987;14(4):767–83.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Legan HL, Burstone CJ. Soft tissue cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery. J Oral Surg. 1980;38:744–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Thomson ERE. Sagittal genioplasty: a new technique of genioplasty. Br J Plast Surg. 1985;38:70–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ellis E, Dechow PC, McNamara JA Jr. Advancement genioplasty with and without soft tissue pedicle. An experimental investigation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;42:639.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Mercuri LG, Laskin DM. Avascular necrosis after anterior horizontal augmentation genioplasty. J Oral Surg. 1977;35:296.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Carrao V, Tofigh M, Greenberg AM. Virtual Surgical Planning for Orthognathic Surgery. In: Greenberg AM, Editor. Digital Technologies in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. New York: Springer; 2018. p. 128.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ilg P, Ellis E. A comparison of two methods for inserting lag screws. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1992;50(2):119–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Bähr W, Stoll P. Pre-tapped and self-tapping screws in children’s mandibles. A scanning electron microscopic examination of the implant beds. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1991;29:330–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Phillips JH, Rahn BA. Comparison of compression and torque of self-tapping and pretapped screws. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83(3):447–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Prein J, Beyer M. Management of infection and nonunion in mandibular fractures. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 1990;2(1):187–94.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stadler MW, St. Hillaire H. Immediate osseous genioplasty with Kirschner wire fixation for revision of infected alloplastic chin implant. J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23(5):446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Yaremchuk MJ. Improving aesthetic outcomes after alloplastic chin augmentation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112(5):1422–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Zide M Pfeifer TM, Longaker MT. Chin surgery: I. Augmentation-the allures and the alerts. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;104(6):1843–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Guyoron B, Raszewski RL. A critical comparison of osteoplastic and alloplastic augmentation genioplasty. Aesthet Plast Surg. 1990;14:199–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Yaremchuk MJ. Facial skeletal reconstruction using porous polyethylene implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;111(6):1818–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Flowers RS. Alloplastic augmentation of the anterior mandible. Clin Plast Surg. 1991;18(1):107–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Eppley BL, Sadove AM, Holmstrom H. HTR polymer facial implants: a five year clinical experience. Aesthet Plast Surg. 1995;19:445–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Frodel JL. The use of high density polyethylene implants in facial deformities. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998;124:1219–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Zeph RD. Custom-designed chin augmentation facial. Plast Surg Clin N Am. 2008;16:79–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Romo T, Lanson BG. Chin Augmentation. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am. 2008;16:69–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Farkas LG, Katic MJ, Ta H, et al. Anthropometric proportions in the upper lip-lower lip-chin area of the lower face in young white adults. Am J Orthol. 1984;86:52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Rickets RM. Divine proportions in facial esthetics. Clin Plast Surg. 1982;9:401.

    Google Scholar 

  45. McCarthy J, Zide BM. The mentalis muscle: an essential component of chin and lower lip position. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83(3):413–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Rose EH. Autogenous fascia lata grafts; clinical applications in reanimation of the totally or partially paralyzed face. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;16(1):20–32. discussion 33–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cohen SR, Mardach OL, Kawamoto HK. Chin disfigurement following removal of alloplastic chin implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991;88(1):62–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Snyder GB. Discussion: chin disfigurement following removal of alloplastic chin implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991;88(1):67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Zide BM. Discussion: chin disfigurement following removal of alloplastic chin implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991;88(1):68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Mittelman H, Spencer JR, Chrzanowski DS. Chin region: management of grooves and mandibular hypoplasia with alloplastic implants facial. Plast Surg Clin N Am. 2007;16:445–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Stanton D. Genioplasty. Facial Plast Surg. 2003;19(1):75–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Strauss RA, Abubaker AO. Genioplasty: a case for advancement osteotomy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;58:783–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Chang EW, Lam SM. Sliding genioplasty for correction of chin abnormalities. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2001;3:8–15.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Park J, Myung JK, Hwang SJ. Soft tissue profile changes after setback genioplasty in orthognathic surgery patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013;41(7):1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Miloro M. Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2nd ed. Hamilton: BC Decker; 2004. p. 45.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Guyuron B, Eriksson E, Persing JA, et al. Plastic Surgery Indications and Practice. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Greenberg A, Eppley B. Facial Implant Cosmetic Augmentation Using Digital Technologies. In: Greenberg AM, Editor. Digital Technologies in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. New York: Springer; 2018. p. 275–8.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alex M. Greenberg .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Payami, A., Manji, Z., Greenberg, A.M. (2019). Genioplasty Techniques. In: Greenberg, A., Schmelzeisen, R. (eds) Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive and Corrective Bone Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1529-3_42

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1529-3_42

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1528-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1529-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics