Abstract
In this chapter, we bridge our discussions of the gas and the liquid by considering several aspects of the vapor pressures, P sat, of the two helium isotopes. The P sat vs. T relations for He3 and He4 relative to some fixed absolute temperatures establish convenient and practical temperature scales. Indeed, these scales have become the temperature standards for work in the liquid helium region. By itself, this fact is of considerable importance ; in addition, the thermodynamic formulation of the vapor pressure function embodies all of the essential thermal and state data for the two phases in equilibrium and thereby serves as a criterion for consistency between the temperature scale and the various experimentally measured thermodynamic quantities. The liquid-vapor equilibria will be discussed from this viewpoint.
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Keller, W.E. (1969). The Transition from the Gas to the Liquid. In: Helium-3 and Helium-4. The International Cryogenics Monograph Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6485-4_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6485-4_4
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