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Exoantigens of Aspergillus Fumigatus: Serodiagnosis and Virulence

  • Chapter
The Genus Aspergillus

Part of the book series: Federation of European Microbiological Societies Symposium Series ((FEMS,volume 69))

Abstract

Aspergillus fumigatus commonly grows in damp environments such as soil, decaying vegetation and organic debris from which it releases a high number of spores into the atmosphere (Raper and Fennell, 1965). The number of A. fumigatus conidia present in the air usually varies from 0.1 to 10 spores/m3, but may reach 106/m3 under certain environmental conditions (Mullins et al., 1976; Bodey and Vartivarian, 1989; Gumowski et al., 1992). Due to their small size (2–3 μm) and presence in the air, A. fumigatus conidia are inhaled by all individuals and transit through the upper respiratory tract, bronchia and bronchiola to end in the alveoli (Cole and Samson, 1984). The pulmonary epithelium is the largest epithelial surface exposed to the external environment (40–80 m2/individual). It possesses several lines of defence capable of expelling A. fumigatus from the lung (Seaton et al., 1989). Impairment of these defence mechanisms can lead to the establishment of the fungus in the lung. This impairment can be of genetical (cystic fibrosis, chronic granulomatous disease) or clinical origin (tuberculosis, chemo- and corticotherapy) (Cohen et al., 1981; Wagner, 1984; Schönheyder et al, 1988; Bodey and Vartivarian, 1989; Cohen, 1991). There are three clinical manifestations of A. fumigatus infections: 1) allergie bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) resulting from repeated inhalation of conidia with limited fungal growth; 2) aspergilloma where colonisation of a pre-existing pulmonary cavity forms a fungal ball; 3) invasive pulmonary aspergillosis where A. fumigatus invades lung parenchyma and disseminates to other organs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France

    J. P. Latgé, S. Paris, J. Sarfati & J. P. Debeaupuis

  2. Dermatologie, CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland

    M. Monod

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  1. J. P. Latgé
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  2. S. Paris
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  3. J. Sarfati
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  4. J. P. Debeaupuis
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  5. M. Monod
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  1. Zeneca Agrochemicals, Bracknell, UK

    Keith A. Powell  & Annabel Renwick  & 

  2. University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    John F. Peberdy

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Latgé, J.P., Paris, S., Sarfati, J., Debeaupuis, J.P., Monod, M. (1994). Exoantigens of Aspergillus Fumigatus: Serodiagnosis and Virulence. In: Powell, K.A., Renwick, A., Peberdy, J.F. (eds) The Genus Aspergillus . Federation of European Microbiological Societies Symposium Series, vol 69. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0981-7_25

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