Abstract
Both philosophers and scientists of diverse perspectives and theoretical orientations have dealt with the phenomenon of pain. The philosopher conceptualized pain as a reaction to a physical stimulus or as a cognitive action; the religious scholar of ancient times believed pain was the punishment for sins (Turk, Meichenbaum, & Genest, 1983). The logical confusion between pain as a stimulus and pain as a response has even lead to a proposition that pain is little more than a verbal response (Schonfeld, 1981). Only relatively recently have these issues been brought to bear on better understanding the nature, role, and implication of pain for elderly populations. The history of the problem that underlies these concerns is fundamental for an adequate appreciation of that problem.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bandura, A. (1969). Principles of behavior modification. New York: Holt Rinehart & Winston.
Beecher, H. K. (1959). Measurement of subjective responses: quantitative effect of drugs. New York: Oxford University Press.
Beecher, H. K. (1965). Quantification of a subjective pain experience: Psychopathology of perception. New York: Grune & Stratton Inc. Proceeding of the American Psychopathological Association, 53, 111–128.
Bhargava, H. N., Matwyshyn, G. A., Reddy, P. L., & Veeranna, E. (1994). Brain and spinal cord kappa opiate receptors and pharmacological response to U-50,488H in rats of differing ages. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior, 48, 87–91.
Birren, J. E., Shapiro, H. B., & Miller, H. H. (1959). The effect of salicylate upon pain sensitivity. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 100, 67–71.
Carasso, R. L., Arnon, G., Yehuda, S., & Mostofsky, D. I. (1988). Hypnotic techniques for the management of pain. Journal of the Royal Society of Health, 108, 176–179.
Carmelli, D., Dame A., Swan, G., & Rosenman, R. (1991a). Long-term changes in Type A behavior: A 27-year follow-up of the Western Collaborative Group Study. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 14, 593–606.
Carmelli, D., Halpern, J., Swan, G. E., Dame, A., McElroy, M., Gelb, A. B., & Rosenman, R. H. (1991b). 27-year mortality in the Western Collaborative Group Study: Construction of risk groups by recursive partitioning. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 44, 1341–1351.
Chapman, C. R. (1978). The perception of noxious events. In R. A. Sternbach (Ed.), The psychology of pain. New York: Raven Press.
Chapman, C. R. (1979). Psychologic and behavioral aspects of cancer pain. In J. J. Bonica & V. Ventafridda (Eds.), Advances in pain research and therapy (Vol. 2, pp. 45–56). New York: Raven Press.
Chapman, W. P., & Jones, C. M. (1944). Variation in cutaneous and visceral pain sensitivity in normal subjects. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 23, 81–91.
Clark, W. C., & Mehl, L. (1971). Thermal pain: A sensory decision theory analysis of the effect of age and sex on d′, various response criteria and 50 percent pain threshold. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 78, 202–212.
Clark, W. C., & Mehl, L. (1973). Signal detection theory procedures are not equivalent when thermal stimuli are judged. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 97, 48–53.
Collins, G., & Stone, L. A. (1966). Pain sensitivity, age and activity level in chronic schizophrenics and in normals. British Journal of Psychiatry, 112, 33–35.
Craig, K. D., & Neidermayer, H. (1974). Autonomic correlates of pain thresholds influenced by social modeling. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29, 246–252.
Craig, K. D., & Weiss, S. M. (1972). Verbal reports of pain without noxious stimulation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 943–948.
Fordyce, W. E. (1976). Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness. St. Louis: Mosby.
Friedman, M. (1988). Type A behavior: A frequently misdiagnosed and rarely treated medical disorder. American Heart Journal, 115, 930–936.
Friedman, M. (1989). Type A behavior: Its diagnosis, cardiovascular relation and the effect of its modification on recurrence of coronary artery disease. American Journal Cardiology, 64, 12–19.
Friedman, M., and Rosenman, R. H. 1959. Association of specific overt behavior patterns with blood and cardiovascular findings—Blood cholesterol level, blood clotting time, incidence of arcus senilis, and clinical coronary artery disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, 162, 1286–1296.
Glass, D. C. (1977). Behavior patterns, stress, and coronary disease. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Goldscheider, A. (1894). Ueber den schmerz in physiologischer und klinischer hinsicht. Berlin: Hirschwald.
Green, D. M., & Swets, J. A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. New York: Wiley.
Guilband, G., Bons, D., & Boesson, G. B. (1976). Eradykinnin as a tool in neurophysiological studies of pain mechanisms. In J. J. Bonica & D. G. Albe-Fessard (Eds.), Advances in pain research and therapy (Vol. 1, p. 67). New York: Raven Press.
Hardy, J. D., Goodell, H., & Wolff, H. G. (1941). Studies on pain. Observation on hyperalgesia associated with referred pain. American Journal of Psychology, 133, 316.
Hardy, J. D., Wolff, H. G., & Goodell, H. (1943). The pain threshold in man. American Journal of Psychiatry, 99, 744–751.
Hardy, J. D., Wolff, H. G., & Goodell, H. (1952). Pain sensations and reactions. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
Harkins, S. W., & Chapman, C. R. (1976). Detection and decision factors in pain perception in young and elderly men. Pain, 2, 253–264.
Harkins, S. W, & Chapman, C. R. (1977a). Age and sex differences in pain perception. In B. Andros & B. Mathaws (Eds.), Pain in trigeminal regions (pp. 435–441). North Holland, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Harkins, S. W, & Chapman, C. R. (1977b). The perception of induced dental pain in young and elderly women. Journal of Gerontology, 32, 428–435.
Harkins, S. W., Price, D. D., Bush, M. F., & Small, R. E. (1994). Geriatric pain. In R. Melzack (Ed.), Textbook of pain (pp. 769–784). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Hazouri, J. A., & Müller, A. D. (1950). Pain threshold studies on patients. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 64, 607–613.
Helson, H. (1964). Adaptation level theory: An experimental and systematic approach to behaviors. New York: Harper & Row.
Hill, H. E., & Kornestsky, C. H. (1952). Studies of anxiety associated with anticipation of pain: Effects of morphine. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 67, 612–619.
Houde, R. W., Wallenstein, S. L., & Rogers, A. (1960). Clinical pharmacology of analgesics: Method of assessing analgesic effect. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1, 163–174.
Huskisson, E. C. (1974). Pain: Mechanism and measurement. In F. D. Hart (Ed.), The treatment of chronic pain. Lancaster: Medical and Technical Publishing.
Jenkins, C. D., Zyzanski, J. S., & Rosenmam, H. R. (1979). Jenkins activity survey. Washington, DC: Psychological Corporation.
Lenburg, C. B., Glass, H. P., & Davitz, L. J. (1970). Inferences of physical pain and psychological distress: 2. In relation to the stage of the patients illness and occupation of the perceiver. Nursing Research, 19, 392–398.
Levi, L., & Taggart, P. (1984). Stress and strain. Ciba Review, Ciba Geigy Limited.
Li, S. J., Wong, S. C., Hong, J. S., & Ingenito, A. J. (1992). Age-related changes in opioid peptide concentrations in brain and pituitary of spontaneously hypertensive rats: Effect of antihypertensive drugs and comparison with deoxycorticosterone acetate and salt hypertension. Pharmacology, 44, 245–256.
Light, K. C., Herbst, M. C, Bragdon, E.E., Hinderliter, A. L., Koch, G. G., Davis, M. R., & Sheps, D. S. (1991). Depression and type A behavior pattern in patients with coronary artery disease. Psychosomatic Medicine, 53, 669–683.
Lindhal, O. (1974). A general chemical explanation. In J. J. Bonica (Ed.), Advances in neurology: International symposium on pain (Vol. 4). New York: Raven Press.
Livingston, W. K. (1943). Pain mechanisms: A psychologic interpretation of causalgia and its related states. New York: Macmillan.
Lochard, D. E. (1978). Relationships between pain, anxiety and attitude toward hospitalization in medical patients using a traditional and a non traditional setting. Dissertation Abstracts International, 38, 5573.
Malow, R. M., Grimm, L., & Olson R. E. (1980). Difference in pain perception between myofascial pain dysfunction patients and normal subjects: A signal detection analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 24, 303–310.
Malow, R. M., & Olson, R. E. (1981). Changes in pain perception after treatment for chronic pain. Pain, 11, 65–72.
Marshall, H. R. (1894). Pain, pleasure, and aesthetics. London: Macmillan.
Mayer, D. Y (1975). Psychotropic drugs and the anti-depressed personality. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 349–357.
Melzack, R. (1973). The puzzle of pain. New York: Basic Books.
Melzack, R. (1983). Pain measurement and assessment. New York: Raven Press.
Melzack, R., & Wall, P. D. (1982). The challenge of pain. New York: Basic Books.
Merskey, H. (1968). Psychological aspects of pain. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 44, 297–306.
Merskey, H. (1978). Pain and personality. In R. A. Sternbach (Ed.), Psychology of pain. New York: Raven Press.
Messing, R. B., Vasquez, B. J., Samaniego, B., Jensen, R. A., Martinez, J. L., Jr., & McGaugh, J. L. (1981). Alterations in dihydromorphine binding in cerebral hemispheres of aged male rats. Journal of Neurochemistry, 36, 784–787.
Messing, R. B., Vasquez, B. J., Spiehler, V. R., Martinez, J. L., Jensen, R. A., Rigter, H., & McGaugh, J. L. (1980). H3-dihydromophine binding in brain regions of young and aged rats. Life Sciences, 26, 921–927.
Mikuma, N., Kumoto, Y., Maruta, H., & Nitta, T. (1994). The role of the hypothalamic opioidergic system in control of gonadotropin secretion in elderly men. Andrologia, 26, 39–45.
Mumford, H. M. (1965). Pain perception threshold and adaptation of normal human teeth. Archives of Graduate Biology, 10, 957–968.
Naliboff, B. O., Cohen, M. S., & Schandler, S. L. (1983). Signal detection and threshold measures for chronic back pain patients, chronic illness patients, and cohort controls to radiant heat stimuli. Pain, 16, (3), 245–252.
Notermans, S. L. H. (1966). Measurement of the pain threshold determined by electrical stimulation and its clinical application: 1. Methods and factors possibly influencing the pain threshold. Neurology, 16, 1071–1086.
Parkhouse, J., & Holmes, C. M. (1960). Assessing post operative pain relief. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 56, 579–604.
Petrie, A., Collins, W., & Solomon P. (1960). The tolerance for pain and for sensory deprivation. American Journal of Psychology, 74, 80–90.
Procacci, P., Delia Corte, M., Zoppi, M., Romano, S., Maresca, M., & Voegelin M. (1974). Pain threshold measurement in man. In J. J. Bonica, P. Procacci, & C. Pagoni (Eds.), Recent advances on pain: Pathophysiology and clinical aspects (pp. 105–147). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.
Rees, J., & Botwinick, J. (1971). Detection and decision factors in auditory behavior of the elderly. Journal of Gerontology, 26, 133–147.
Ryan, R. D., & Kovacic, C. R. (1966). Pain tolerance and athletic participation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 22, 383–390.
Schludermann, E., & Zubek, J. P. (1962). Effect of age on pain sensitivity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 14, 295–301.
Schonfeld, W. N. (1981). Pain: A verbal response. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 5, 385–389.
Schumacher, G. A., Goodell, H., Hardy, J. D., & Wolff, H. G. (1940). Uniformity of the pain threshold in man. Science, 92, 110–112.
Sherman, E. D., & Robillard, E. (1964). Sensitivity to pain in relationship to age. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 12, 1037–1044.
Sherrington, C. S. (1989). Man on his nature. London: Penguin Books.
Sternbach, R. A. (1967). Pain, a psychophysiological analysis. New York: Academic Press.
Sternbach, R. A. (1976). Psychological factors in pain research and therapy. In J. J. Bonica & D. G. Albe-Fessard (Eds.), Advances in pain research and therapy (Vol. 1, pp. 293–299). New York: Raven Press.
Strong, G. A. (1895). The psychology of pain. Psychology Review, 2, 329–347.
Suinn, R. M. (1977). Type A behavior pattern. In W. B. Redford & W. D. Gentry (Eds.), Behavioral approaches to medical treatment (pp. 55–59). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Szasz, T. A. (1957). Pain and pleasure: A study of bodily feelings. New York: Basic Books.
Turk, D. C., Meichenbaum, D., & Genest, M. (1983). Pain and behavioral medicine: A cognitive-behavioral perspective (pp. 35–91). New York: Guilford Press.
Walters, A. (1961). Psychogenic regional pain alias hysterical pain. Brain, 84, 1–18.
Weisenberg, M. (1975). Pain: Clinical and experimental perspectives. St. Louis: Mosby.
Weisenberg, M. (1977). Pain and pain control. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 1008–1044.
Wolff, B. B. (1983). Laboratory methods of pain measurement. In R. Melzack (Ed.), Pain measurement and assessment (pp. 7–13). New York: Raven Press.
Woodrow, K. M., Friedman, G. D., Siegelaub, A. B., & Collen, M. F. (1972). Pain tolerance: Differences according to age, sex, and race. Psychosomatic Medicine, 34, 548–556.
Wynn Parry, C. B. (1980). Pain in invulsion lesions of the brachial plexus. Pain, 9, 41–53.
Zimbardo, P. G., Cohen, A. R., Weisenberg, M., Dworkin, L., & Firestone, I. (1966). Control of pain motivation by cognitive dissonance. Science, 151, 217–219.
Zimmerman, M. (1979). Peripheral and central nervous mechanism of nociception pain and pain therapy: Fact and hypotheses. In J. J. Bonica, J. D. Liebeskind, & D. G. Albe-Fessard (Eds.), Advances in pain research and therapy (Vol. 3, pp. 3–32). New York: Raven Press.
Zoob, M. (1978). Differentiating the chest pain. Geriatrics, 33, 95–101.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yehuda, S., Carasso, R.L. (1997). A Brief History of Pain Perception and Pain Tolerance in Aging. In: Mostofsky, D.I., Lomranz, J. (eds) Handbook of Pain and Aging. The Springer Series in Adult Development and Aging. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0283-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0283-2_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0285-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0283-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive