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Dendritic Cell Functions in HIV Infection

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Book cover Immunology of HIV Infection

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Abstract

The pathological effects of HIV-1 center around the loss of T cells and cell-mediated immunity. Deficiencies in proliferative responses of T cells are identified early in infection (Clerici et al., 1989) and losses in both naive and memory populations of CD4+ T cells occur during disease progression (Schnittman et al., 1990; Van Noesel et al., 1990; Rabin et al., 1995; Roederer et al., 1995). Most studies have focused on mechanisms for direct loss of T-cell populations. However, T-cell proliferation is dependent on specialized antigen-presenting cells (APC); alteration of T-cell populations secondary to changes in APC may therefore occur in HIV infection and increasing evidence points to the importance of these specialized APC in the development of the immunological changes initiated by the virus. The bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) are involved in all aspects of T-cell development from the shaping of the T-cell populations within the thymus, the stimulation of naive T cells which have not yet encountered antigens, and the expansion of memory and effector T-cell populations. Follicular dendritic cells (FDC), which are possibly derived in situ within the lymphoid follicles, stimulate memory B-cell populations. The DC and FDC and their acquisition and presentation of antigens thus shape the development of immune responses and the balance between cellular and humoral immunity (Knight and Stagg, 1993; Knight, 1993). This review will describe the interaction of HIV with DC and the evidence suggesting that this is pivotal to the type of immunological changes seen within the T-cell populations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Imperial College School of Medicine, Antigen Presentation Research Group, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, UK

    Stella C. Knight

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  1. Stella C. Knight
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  1. University of California, Irvine, California, USA

    Sudhir Gupta M.D., Ph.D.

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© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Knight, S.C. (1996). Dendritic Cell Functions in HIV Infection. In: Gupta, S. (eds) Immunology of HIV Infection. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0191-0_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0191-0_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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