Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Assessment of Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity

  • Chapter
Handbook of Assessment in Childhood Psychopathology

Part of the book series: Applied Clinical Psychology ((NSSB))

Abstract

Of all the behavioral disturbances in children, perhaps none is so intriguing to clinicians, educators, and parents alike as is the disorder called attention deficit disorder (ADD), often referred to in the past as hyperactivity or hyperkinesis. This disorder represents one of the most common reasons for referral to school psychologists and/or child guidance and mental health clinics and has one of the longest histories of research and study in the area of childhood behavior disorders. ADD is typically viewed as a developmental disorder of social conduct and self-control that involves deficits in attention and academic achievement and that involves a long-term course that may begin as early as infancy or early childhood and continue through adolescence (e. g., Barkley, 1981a, 1983; Friman & Christophersen, 1983).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abikoff, H., Gittelman-Klein, R., & Klein, D. F. (1977). Validation of a classroom observation code for hyperactive children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 772–783.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M. (1980). DSM-III in light of empirical research on the classification of child psychopathology. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 19, 395–412.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Edelbrock, C. S. (1978). The classification of child psychopathology: A review and analysis of empirical efforts. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 1275–1301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, J., Hayden, B., & Canter, A. (1974). The relationship between the Canter Background Interference Procedure and the hyperkinetic behavior syndrome. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 7, 110–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ament, A. (1974). Treatment of hyperactive children (letter). Journal of the American Medical Association, 230, 372.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1968). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ault, R. L., Mitchell, C., & Hartmann, D. D. (1976). Some methodological problems in reflection-impulsivity research. Child Development, 47, 227–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1976). Predicting the response of hyperactive children to stimulant drugs. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 4, 327–348.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1977). The effects of methylphenidate on various measures of activity level and attention in hyperkinetic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 5, 351–369.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1981a). Hyperactive children: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1981b). Hyperactivity. In E. J. Mash & L. G. Terdal (Eds.), Behavioral assessment of childhood disorders (pp. 127–184). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1982). Guidelines for defining hyperactivity in children (attention deficit disorder with hyperaclivity). In B. Lahey & A. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in child psychology (Vol. 5). New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1983). Hyperactivity. In R. J. Morris & T. R. Kratochwill (Eds.), The practice of child therapy (pp. 87–112). New York: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A., & Cunningham, C. E. (1979). Do stimulant drugs improve the academic performance of hyperactive children? A review of outcome studies. Clinical Pediatrics, 17, 85–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bates, J. (1980). The concept of difficult temperament. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 26, 299–318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Battle, E. S., & Lacey, B. A. (1972). A context for hyperactivity in children over time. Child Development, 43, 757–773.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baxley, G. F., & LeBlanc, J. M. (1976). The hyperactive child: Characteristics, treatment, and evaluation of researchdesign. In H. W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior (pp. 2–35). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bender, L. (1938). A visual motor gestalt test and its clinical uses (Research monograms, no. 3). New York: American Orthopsychiatric Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bettelheim, B. (1973). Bringing up children. Ladies Home Journal, 90, 28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Block, G. H. (1977). Hyperactivity: A cultural perspective. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 10, 236–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blouin, A. G., Bornstein, M. A., & Trites, R. L. (1978). Teenage alcohol abuse among hyperactive children: A five year follow-up study. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 3, 188–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blunden, D., Spring, C., & Greenberg, L. M. (1974). Validation of the Classroom Behavior Inventory. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 84–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borland, B. L., & Heckman, H. K. (1976). Hyperactive boys and their brothers: A 25-year follow-up study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33, 669–675.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bosco, J., & Robin, S. (1980). Hyperkinesis: Prevalence and treatment. In C. K. Whalen & B. Henken (Eds.), Hyperactive children: The social ecology of identification and treatment (pp. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brannigan, C. G., Barone, R. J., & Margolis, H. (1978). Bender gestalt signs as indicants of conceptual impulsivity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42, 233–237.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breen, M. J., & Barkley, R. A. (1983). The personality inventory for children (PIC): Its clinical utility with hyperactive children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 8, 359–366.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchsbaum, M., & Wender, P. H. (1973). Average evoked responses in normal and minimally brain dysfunctional children treated with amphetamine: A preliminary report. Archives of General Psychiatry, 29, 764–770.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buss, D. M., Block, J. H., & Block, J. (1980). Preschool activity level: Personality correlates and developmental implications. Child Development, 51, 401–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, E., & Cammock, T. (1978). Development of a more reliable version of the Matching Familiar Figures Test. Developmental Psychology, 14, 555–560.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, E. S., & Redfering, D. L. (1979). Relationship among environmental and demographic variables and teacher-rated hyperactivity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 7, 77–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, S. B., Douglas, V. I., & Morganstern, G. (1971). Cognitive styles in hyperactive children and the effect of methylphenidate. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 12, 55–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell, D. P. (1975). Familial-genetic research with hyperactive children. In D. P. Cantwell (Ed.), The hyperactive child, diagnosis, management, current research (pp. 93–105). New York: Spectrum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell, D. P. (1978). Hyperactivity and antisocial behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 17, 252–262.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell, D. P., & Satterfield, J. H. (1978). The prevalence of underachievement in hyperactive children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 3, 168–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, W., Puig-Antich, J., & Tabrizi, M. A. (1978, October). The ongoing development of the KIDDIE-SADS. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, D. J., & Young, J. G. (1977). Neurochemistry and child psychiatry. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 16, 353–411.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, N., Weiss, G., & Minde, K. (1972). Cognitive styles in adoescents previously diagnosed as hyperactive. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13, 203–210.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1969). A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 884–888.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1970). Symptom patterns in hyperkinetic, neurotic, and normal children. Child Development, 41, 667–682.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1972). Symposium: Behavior modification by drugs: 2. Psychological effects of stimulant drugs in children with minimal brain dysfunction. Pediatrics, 49, 702–708.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1973). Rating scales for use in drug studies with children. Psychopharmacology Bulletin (Special issue, Pharmacotherapy of Children), 24-29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1976). Conners Teachers Questionnaire. In W. Guy (Ed.), E.C.D.E.U (Early Clinical Drug Evaluation for Psychopharmacology, rev ed.). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, NIMH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1980). Food additives and hyperactive children. New York: Plenum Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K., Rothschild, G., Eisenberg, L., Schwarz, L. S., & Robinson, E. (1969). Dextroamphetamine sulfate in children with learning disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 21, 182–190.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K., Taylor, E., Meo, G., Kurtz, M. A., & Fourier, M. (1972). Magnesium pemoline and dextroamphetamine: A controlled study in children with minimal brain dysfunction. Psychopharmacologia, 26, 321–336.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conrad, P. (1975). The discovery of hyperkinesis: Notes on the medicalization of deviant behavior. Social Problems, 23, 12–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, C. E., & Barkley, R. A. (1978). The effects of methylphenidate on the mother-child interaction of hyperactive identical twins. Developmental Medicine and Child Neruology, 20, 634–642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davids, A. (1971). An objective instrument for assessing hyperkinesis in children. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 4, 491–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeHorn, A. B., Lachar, D., & Gdowski, C. L. (1979). Profile classification strategies for the Personality Inventory for Children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 874–881.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Denhoff, E., Davids, A., & Hawkins, R. (1971). Effects of dextroamphetamine on hyperkinetic children: A controlled double blind study. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 4, 491–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, V. I. (1972). Stop, look and listen: The problem of sustained attention and impulse control in hyperactive and normal children. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 4, 259–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, V. I., & Peters, K. G. (1979). Toward a clearer definition of the attentional deficit of hyperactive children. In G. A. Hale & M. Lewis (Eds.), Attention and the development of cognitive skills. New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dreger, R. (1964). A progress report on a factor analytic approach to classifiction in child psychiatry. In J. Jenkins & J. Cole (Eds.), Research Report No. 18. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., & Weinberg, R. A. (1976). The Matching Familiar Figures Test: A look at its psychometric credibility. Child Development, 47, 483–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feingold, B. (1975). Why your child is hyperactive. New York: Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, H. B., & Pappas, B. A. (1979). Evaluation of psychophysiological, neurochemical, and animal models of hyperactivity. In R. L. Trites (Ed.), Hyperactivity in children (pp. 61–92). Baltimore: University Park Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friman, P. C., & Christophersen, E. R. (1983). Behavior therapy and hyperactivity: A brief review of therapy for a big problem. The Behavior Therapist, 6, 175–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, R. W., & Long, R. I. (1962). Cognitive controls of attention and inhibition: A study of individual consistencies. British Journal of Psychology, 53, 381–388.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glow, R. A. (1981). Cross-validity and normative data on the Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scales. In K. D. Gadow & J. Loney (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of drug treatment for hyperactivity. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glow, R. A., & Glow, P. H. (1980). Peer and self-rating: Children’s perception of behavior relevant to hyperkinetic impulse disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 8, 471–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goyette, C. H., Conners, C. K., & Ulrich, R. F. (1978). Normative data on Revised Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scales. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 6, 221–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, L. M., Deem, M. A., & McMahon, S. (1972). Effects of dextroamphetamine, chlorpromazine, and hydroxyzine on behavior and performance in hyperactive children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 129, 532–539.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guy, W. (1976). ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology (DHEW NO. (Adm) 76-338). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartlage, L. C., & Telzrow, C. F. (1982). Neuropsychological disorders in children: Effects of medication on learning and behavior in hyperactivity. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 15, 55–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, D. P., Roper, B. L., & Bradford, D. C. (1979). Source relationships between behavioral and traditional assessment. Journal of Behavioral Assessment, 1, 3–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hechtman, L., & Weiss, G. (1983). Long-term outcome of hyperactive children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 53, 532–541.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hechtman, L., Weiss, G., Perlman, T., Hopkins, J., & Wener, A. (1981). Hyperactives as young adults: Prospective ten-year follow-up. In K. D. Gadow & J. Loney (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of drug treatment for hyperactivity. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hegeman, G. (1976). A PIC scale for hyperactive children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henker, B., & Whalen, C. K. (1980). The changing faces of hyperactivity: Restrospect and prospect. In C. K. Whalen & B. Henker (Eds.), Hyperactive children: The social ecology of identification and treatment. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herjanic, B., Herjanic, M., Brown, F., & Wheatt, T. (1975). Are children reliable reporters? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 3, 41–48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodges, K., Kline, J., Fitch, P., McKnew, D., & Cytryn, L. (1981). The child assessment schedule: A diagnostic interview for research and clinical use. Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 11, 56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodges, K., Kline, J., Stern, L., Cytryn, L., & McKnew, D. (1982). The development of a child assessment interview for research and clinical use. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10, 173–189.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Humphries, T., Kinsbourne, M., & Swanson, J. (1978). Stimulant effects on cooperation and social interaction between hyperactive children and their mothers. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 19, 13–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kagan, J. (1965a). Impulsive and reflective children: Significance of conceptual tempo. In J. D. Krumboltz (Ed.), Learning and the educational process. Chicago: Rand McNally.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagan, J. (1965b). Individual differences in the resolution of response uncertainty. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 365–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagan, J. (1965c). Reflection-impulsivity and reading ability in primary grade children. Child Development, 36, 609–628.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kagan, J., Rosman, B., Day, D., Albert, J., & Phillips, W. (1964). Information processing in the child: Significance of analytic and reflective attitudes. Psychological Monographs, 78 (whole No. 578).

    Google Scholar 

  • Karp, S. A., & Konstadt, N. (1963). Manual for the Children’s Embedded Figures Test. New York: Cognitive Tests.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, A. S. (1979). Intelligent testing with the WISC-R. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kent, R. N., O’Leary, D. K., Diament, C., & Dietz, A. (1974). Expectation biases in observational evaluation of therapeutic change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 774–780.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kestenbaum, C. J., & Bird, H. R. (1978). A reliability study of the mental health assessment form for school-age children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 17, 338–344.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kinsbourne, M. (1973). Minimal brain dysfunction as a neurodevelopmental lag. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 205, 263–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klee, S. H., & Garfinkel, B. D. (1983). The Computerized Continuous Performance Task: A new measure of inattention. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 11, 487–496.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, G. S. (1954). Need and regulation. In M. R. Jones (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation (pp. 224–274). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knights, R. M., & Hinton, C. G. (1969). The effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin) on the motor skills and behavior of children with learning problems. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 148, 643–653.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koppitz, E. M. (1964). The Bender Gestalt test for young children. New York: Grune & Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kratochwill, T. R. (1982). Advances in behavioral assessment. In C. R. Reynolds & T. B. Gutkin (Eds.), Handbook of school psychology, (pp. 314–350). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kupietz, S., Bialer, I., & Winsberg, B. (1972). A behavior rating scale for assessing improvement in behaviorally deviant children. A preliminary investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 1432–1436.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lachar, D. (1982). Personality Inventory for Children (PIC) revised format manual supplement. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services. (W-152GS)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachar, D., & Gdowski, C. L. (1979). Actuarial assessment of child and adolescent personality: An interpretive guide for the Personality Inventory for Children profile. Los Angeles: Western Psychology Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachar, D., & LaCombe, J. A. (1983). Objective personality assessment: The Personality Inventory for Children and its application in the school setting. School Psychology Review, 12, 399–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lahey, B., Schaughency, E., Strauss, C., & Frame, C. (1984). Are attention deficit disorders with and without hyperactivity similar or dissimilar disorders? Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23, 302–309.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lahey, B., Schaughency, E., Frame, C., & Strauss, C. (1985). Teacher ratings of attention problems in children experimentally classified as exhibiting attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 24, 613–616.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, N. M., & Windmiller, M. (1977). An exploratory study of temperament traits in a population of children at risk. Journal of Special Education, 11, 37–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laufer, M. W., & Denhoff, E. (1957). Hyperkinetic behavior syndrome in children. Journal of Pediatrics, 50, 463–474.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laufer, M. W., Denhoff, E., & Solomons, G. (1957). Hyperkinetic impulse disorder in children’s behavior problems. Psychosomatic Medicine, 19, 38–49.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ledingham, J. E., Younger, A., Schwartzman, A., & Bergeron, G. (1982). Agreement among teacher, peer, and self-ratings of children’s aggression, withdrawal, and likability. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10, 363–372.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linehan, M. M. (1977). Issues in behavioral interviewing. In J. D. Cone & R. P. Hawkins (Eds.), Behavioral assessment: New directions in clinical psychology. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Margalit, M. (1983). Diagnostic application of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 355–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, R. G. (1983). Temperament: A review of research with implications for the school psychologist. School Psychology Review, 12, 266–273.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mash, E. J., & Terdal, L. G. (1981). Behavioral assessment of childhood disturbance. In E. J. Mash & L. G. Terdal (Eds.), Behavioral assessment of childhood disorders (pp. 3–76). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mash, E. J., Terdal, L. G., & Anderson, K. (1973). The response class matrix: A procedure for recording parent-child interactions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 40, 163–164.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matheny, A. P., & Dolan, A. B. (1980). A twin study of personality and temperament during middle childhood. Journal of Research in Personality, 14, 224–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendelson, W., Johnson, N., & Stewart, M. (1971). Hyperactive children as teenagers: A follow-up study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 153, 273–279.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milich, R. S., & Loney, J. (1979). The factor composition of the WISC for hyperkinetic/MBD males. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 12, 491–495.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milich, R. S., Roberts, M. A., Loney, J., & Caputo, J. (1980). Differentiating practice effects and statistical regression on the Conners Hyperkinesis Index. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 8, 549–552.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Millichap, J. G., & Johnson, F. H. (1974). Methylphenidate in hyperactive behavior: Relation of response to degree of activity and brain damage. In C. K. Conners (Ed.), Clinical use of stimulant drugs in children (pp. 130–139). Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millichap, J. G., Aymat, F., Sturgis, L. H., Larsen, K. W., & Egan, R. A. (1968). Hyperkinetic behavior. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 11, 235–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minde, K. K. (1977). Where do we stand? In M. Blaw, I. Rapin, & M. Kinsbourne (Eds.), Topics in child neurology (pp. 279–287). Jamaica, NY: Spectrum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minde, K., Weiss, G., & Mendelson, B. (1972). A 5-year follow-up study of 91 hyperactive school children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 11, 595–610.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, R. J., & Kratochwill, T. R. (1983). Treating children’s fears and phobias: A behavioral approach. New York: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrison, J. R., & Stewart, M. (1971). A family study of the hyperactive child syndrome. Biological Psychiatry, 3, 189–195.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morrison, J. R., & Stewart, M. (1973). Evidence from polygenetic inheritance in the hyperative child syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 130, 791–792.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Needleman, H. L., Gunnoe, C., Leviton, A., Reed, R., Peresie, H., Maher, C., & Barrett, P. (1979). Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance in children with elevated dentive lead levels. New England Journal of Medicine, 300, 689–695.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, R. O., & Hayes, S. C. (1979). Some current dimensions of behavioral assessment. Behavioral Assessment, 1, 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oettinger, L. (1975). Bone age and minimal brain dysfunction (letter to the editor). Journal of Pediatrics, 87, 328.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary, K. D., Pelham, W. E., Rosenbaum, A., & Price, G. H. (1976). Behavioral treatment of hyperkinetic children: An experimental evaluation of its usefulness. Clinical Pediatrics, 15, 274–279.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary, S. G., & Pelham, W. E. (1978). Behavior therapy and withdrawal of stimulant medication with hyperactive children. Pediatrics, 61, 211–217.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paine, R. S., Werry, J. S., & Quay, H. C. (1968). A study of “minimal cerebral dysfunction”. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 10, 505–520.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palkes, H. S., & Stewart, M. A. (1972). Intellectual ability and performance of hyperactive children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 42, 35–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pekarik, E. G., Prinz, R. J., Liebert, D. E., Weintraub, S., & Neale, J. M. (1976). The pupil evaluation inventory: A sociometric technique for assessing children’s social behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 4, 83–97.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E. (1980, September). Peer relationships in hyperactive children: Description and treatment effects. In R. Milich (Chair), Peer relationships among hyperactive children. Symposium presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Montreal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porges, S. W., & Smith, K. M. (1980). Defining hyperactivity: Psychphysiological and behavioral strategies. In C. K. Whalen & B. Henker (Eds.), Hyperactive children: The social ecology of identification and treatment (pp. 75–104). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, R., & Loney, J. (1974). Teacher-rated hyperactive elementary school girls: An exploratory developmental study. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 4, 246–257.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, R. J., Roberts, W. A., & Hartman, E. (1980). Dietary correlates of hyperactive behavior in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 760–769.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quay, H. C. (1979). Classification. In H. C. Quay & J. S. Werry (Eds.), Psychopathological disorders of childhood (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quay, H. C. (1983). A dimensional approach to behavior disorder: The Revised Behavior Problem Checklist. School Psychology Review, 12, 244–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quay, H. C., & Peterson, D. R. (1979). Manual for the Behavior Problem Checklist. Privately printed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quay, H. C., & Peterson, D. R. (1983). Interim manual for the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (1st ed.). Privately printed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rapoport, J., Abramson, A., Alexander, D., & Lott, I. (1971). Playroom observation of hyperactive children on medication. Journal of Child Psychiatry, 10, 524–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapoport, J., Quinn, P.I., Bradbarb, G., Riddle, K., & Brooks, E. (1974). Imipramine and methylphenidate treatments in hyperactive boys. Archives of General Psychiatry, 30, 789–793.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B. (1970). Reliability assessment of observation data: A possible methodological problem. Child Development, 41, 1143–1150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodin, E., Lucas, A., & Simson, C. (1963). A study of behavior disorders in children by means of general purpose computers. Proceedings of the Conference on Data Acquisition and Processing in Biological Medicine. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, D. M., & Ross, S. A. (1982). Hyperactivity. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosvold, H., Mirsky, A., Sarason, I., Bransome, E., & Beck, L. (1956). A continuous performance test of brain damage. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 20, 343–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Routh, D. K., & Roberts, R. D. (1972). Minimal brain dysfunction in children: Failure to find evidence for a behavioral syndrome. Psychological Reports, 31, 307–314.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Routh, D. K., Schroeder, C. S., & O’Tuama, L. A. (1974). Development of activity level in children. Developmental Psychology, 10, 163–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rummo, J. H., Routh, D. K., Rummo, N. J., & Brown, J. F. (1979). Behavioral and neurological effects of symptomatic and asymptomatic lead exposure in children. Archives of Environmental Health, 34, 120–124.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M. (1980). Raised lead levels and improved cognitive/behavioral functioning: A review of the evidence. Supplement to developmental medicine and child neurology, 22, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M., & Graham, P. (1968). The reliability and validity of the psychiatric assessment of the child: 1. Interview with the child. British Journal of Psychiatry, 114, 563–579.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Safer, D. J. (1973). A familial factor in minimal brain dysfunction. Behavior Genetics, 3, 175–186.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Safer, D. J., & Allen, R. P. (1976). Hyperactive children: Diagnosis and management. Baltimore: University Park Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandberg, S. T., Rutter, M., & Taylor, E. (1978). Hyperkinetic disorder in psychiatric clinic attendence. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 20, 279–299.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sandberg, S. T., Wieselberg, M., & Shaffer, D. (1980). Hyperkinetic and conduct problem children in a primary school population: Some epidemiological considerations. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 21, 293–311.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sandoval, J. (1977). The measurement of the hyperactive syndrome in children. Review of Educational Research, 47, 293–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandoval, J., Lambert, N. M., & Sassone, D. M. (1980). The identification and labeling of hyperactivity in children: An interactive model. In C. K. Whalen & B. Henker (Eds.), Hyperactive children: The social ecology of identification and treatment. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santostefano, S., & Paley, E. (1964). Development of cognitive controls in children. Child Development, 35, 939–949.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satterfield, J. H., & Dawson, M. E. (1971). Electrodermal correlates of hyperactivity in children. Psychophysiology, 8, 191–197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satterfield, J. H., Cantwell, D. P., Lesser, L. I., & Podosin, R. L. (1972). Physiological studies of the hyperactive child: 1. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 1418–1424.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satterfield, J. H., Atoian, G. E., Brashers, G. C., Burleigh, A. C., & Dawson, M. E. (1974). Electrodermal studies of minimal brain dysfunction children. In Symposium on the clinical use of stimulant drugs in children (pp. 87–96). Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sattler, J. M. (1982). Assessment of children’s intelligence and special abilities (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarr, S. (1966). Genetic factors in activity motivation. Child Development, 37, 663–673.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schleifer, M., Weiss, G., Cohen, N., Elman, M., Cvjic, H., & Kruger, E. (1975). Hyperactivity in preschoolers and the effect of methylphenidate. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 45, 38–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schnackberg, R. C. (1973). Caffeine as a substitute for Schedule II stimulants in hyperkinetic children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 130, 796–798.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Cohen, D. J., & Shaywitz, B. A. (1978). The biochemical basis of minimal brain dysfunction. Journal of Pediatrics, 92, 179–187.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, B. F. (1967). Cumulative reward: A selection of papers. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solanto, M. W. (1984). Neuropharmacological basis of stimulant drug action in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: A review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 387–409.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., Fleiss, J. L., & Cohen, J. (1970). The psychiatric status schedule. Archives of General Psychiatry, 23, 41–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, R. L., & Sleator, E. K. (1973). Effects on psychopharmacological agents on learning disorders. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 20, 719–735.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, R. L., & Sleator, E. K. (1977). Methylphemidate in hyperkinetic children: Differences in dose effects on learning and social behavior. Science, 198, 1274–1276.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, R. L., Barnes, K., & Werry, J. (1970). Methylphenidate and Thioridizine: Learning, reaction time, activity, and classroom behavior in disturbed children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 40, 615–628.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, R. L., Christensen, D. E., & Werry, J. S. (1974). Experimental psychology and stimulant drugs. In C. K. Conners (Ed.), Clinical use of stimulant drugs in children. The Hague: Excerpta Medica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, R. L., Cohen, M. N., & Werry, J. S. (1974). Normative data on the Conners Teacher Rating Scale and Abbreviated Scale (Technical Report of the Institute of Child Behavior and Development). Champaign: University of Illinois.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, M. A., & Olds, S., W. (1973). Raising a hyperactive child. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, M. A., Cummings, C., Singer, S., & deBlois, C. S. (1981). The overlap between hyperactive and unsocialized aggressive children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 35–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Still, G. F. (1902). The Coulstonian Lectures on some abnormal physical conditions in children. Lancet, 1, 1008–1112, 1077-1082, 1163-1168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strecker, E. A., & Ebaugh, F. G. (1924). Neuropsychiatric sequelae of cerebral trauma in children. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 12, 443–453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, D. H., Douglas, V. I., Weiss, G., & Minde, K. K. (1971). Attention in hyperactive children and the effect of methylphenidate (Ritalin). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 12, 129–139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sykes, D. H., Douglas, V. I. & Morganstern, G. (1973). Sustained attention in hyperactive children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 14, 213–220.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, A., & Chess, S. (1977). Temperament and development. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, A., Chess, S., & Birch, H. (1970). The origins of personality. Scientific American, 223, 102–109.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tolor, A., & Brannigan, G. G. (1980). Research and clinical applications of the Bender-Gestalt Test. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tonick, I., Friehling, J., & Warhit, J. (1973). Classroom observational code. Unpublished manuscript, Point of Woods Laboratory School, State University of New York at Stony Brook.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trites, R. (Ed.). (1979). Hyperactivity in children. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trites, R. L., Dugas, F., Lynch, G., & Ferguson, H. B. (1979). Prevalence of hyperactivity. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 2, 179–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trites, R. L., Blouin, A. G. A., & Laprade, K. (1982). Factor analysis of the Conners Teacher Rating Scale based on a large normative sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 615–623.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Victor, J. B., Halverson, C. F., Inoff, G., & Buczkowski, H. J. (1973). Objective behavior measures of first-and second-grade boys’ free play and teachers’ ratings on a behavior problem checklist. Psychology in the Schools, 10, 439–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, J. P., Williams, B. J., Harris, G. E., Jr., & Duval, G. C. (1981). Classroom observations of hyperactive children—A multiple validation study. In K. D. Gadow & J. Loney (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of drug treatment for hyperactivity (pp. 207–248). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voelker, S., Lachar, D., & Gdowski, C. L. (1983). The Personality Inventory for Children and response to methylphenidate: Preliminary evidence for predictive validity. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 3, 161–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wender, P. H. (1971). Minimal brain dysfunction in children. New York: Wiley Interscience.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wender, P. H. (1978). The diagnosis and treatment of adult minimal brain dysfunction. In R. S. Lipman (Chair), Proceedings of the National Institute of Mental Health Workshop on the Hyperactive Behavior Syndrome. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werry, J. S. (1968). Developmental hyperactivity. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 15, 581–599.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werry, J. S. (1978). Measures in pediatric psychopharmacology. In J. S. Werry (Ed.), Pediatric psychopharmacology: The use of behavior modifying drugs in children. New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werry, J. S., & Sprague, R. L. (1970). Hyperactivity. In C. G. Costello (Ed.), Symptoms of psychopathology (pp. 397–417). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werry, J. S., & Sprague, R. L. (1974). Methylphenidate in children: Effect of dosage. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 8, 9–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werry, J. S., Weiss, G., Douglas, V. I., & Martin, J. (1966). Studies on the hyperactive child: 3. The effect of chlorpromazine upon behavior and learning ability. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 5, 292–312.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, C. K. (1983). Hyperactivity, learning problems, and the attention deficit disorders. In T. H. Ollendick & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology (pp. 151–200). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, C. K., & Henker, B. (1976). Psychostimulants and children: A review and analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 1113–1130.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, C. K., & Henker, B. (1984). Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorders: Expanding frontiers. The Pediatric Clinics of North America, 31, 397–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willerman, L. (1973). Activity level and hyperactivity in twins. Child Development, 44, 288–293.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, J. B., & Spitzer, R. L. (1980). DSM-III field trials: Interrater reliability and list of project staff and participants. In Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winsberg, B. G., Yepes, L. E., & Bialer, J. (1976). Psychopharmacological management of children with hyperactive/aggeessive/inattentive behavior disorders: A guide for the pediatrician. Clinical Pediatrics, 15, 471–477.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wirt, R. D., Lachar, D., Klinedinst, J. K., & Seat, P. D. (1984). Multidimensional description of child personality: A manual for the Personality Inventory for Children. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witkin, H. A. (1959). The perception of the upright. Scientific American, 200, 50–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Witkin, H. A., Dyk, R. B., Faterson, H. F., Goodenough, D. R., & Karp, S. A. (1962). Psychological differentiation. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1980). The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). Washington, D.C.: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zelniker, T., & Jeffrey, W. (1976). Reflective and impulsive children: Strategies of information processing underlying differences in problem solving. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 41(5), 1–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zentall, S. S. (1980). Behavioral comparisons of hyperactive and normally active children in natural settings. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 8, 93–109.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zentall, S. S. (1984). Context effects in the behavioral ratings of hyperactivity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 12, 345–352.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zentall, S. S., & Barack, R. S. (1979). Rating scales for hyperactivity: Concurrent validity and decisions to label for the Conners and Davids Abbreviated Scales. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 7, 179–190.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Education, School Psychology Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    Richard J. Morris

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    Scott J. Collier

Authors
  1. Richard J. Morris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Scott J. Collier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

    Johnny L. Matson

  2. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

    Cynthia L. Frame

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Morris, R.J., Collier, S.J. (1987). Assessment of Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity. In: Frame, C.L., Matson, J.L. (eds) Handbook of Assessment in Childhood Psychopathology. Applied Clinical Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0041-8_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0041-8_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0043-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0041-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation