Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation of Local Electronic Properties in Solids by Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

  • Chapter
Core Level Spectroscopies for Magnetic Phenomena

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSB,volume 345))

Abstract

High energy electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) has been used over the last decades for the investigation of the local electronic properties in solids, as an alternative to optical techniques, with the advantage of covering a very large spectral range (from the visible to the x-ray domain) in a single experiment. On the low energy side it has provided a direct insight into the physics of plasmons and interband transitions as summarized in the textbooks by Raether1,2, Schnatterly3, Schattschneider4, Fink5 and Colliex6..

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. H. Raether, “Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy”, in Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, 38:85, Springer Berlin (1965).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. H. Raether, “Excitation of Plasmons and Interband Transitions by Electrons”, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, Vol. 88, Springer Berlin (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  3. S.E. Schnatterly, Inelastic electron scattering spectroscopy, Solid State Physics 14:275 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. P. Schattschneider, “Fundamentals of Inelastic Electron Scattering”, Springer Verlag, Wien New York (1986).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Fink, Transmission electron energy-loss spectroscopy, in “Unoccupied Electronic States”, J.C. Fuggle and J.E. Inglesfield eds., Topics in Applied Physics, 69:203 Springer Berlin (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  6. C. Colliex, Electron energy loss spectroscopy in the electron microscope, in “Adv. in Optical and Electron Microscopy”, R. Barer and V.E. Cosslett eds., 9:65 Academic Press London (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  7. G. Ruthemann, Naturwissenschaften 30:145 (1942)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Colliex and B. Jouffrey, Contribution à l’étude des pertes d’énergie dues à l’excitation de niveaux profonds, CR. Acad. Sci. Paris 270:144 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  9. C. Colliex and B. Jouffrey, Diffusion inélastique des électrons dans un solide par excitation de niveaux atomiques profonds: Spectres de pertes d’énergie, Phil. Mag. 25:491 (1972).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Isaacson, Interaction of 25 keV electrons with the nucleic acid bases adenine, thymine and uracyl. I. Outer shell excitations. IL Inner shell excitation and inelastic scattering cross section. J. Chem. Phys. 56:1803 and 1813 (1972).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Terauchi, R. Kuzuo, F. Satoh, M. Tanaka, K. Tsuno and J. Ohyama, Performance of a new high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy microscope, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:351 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. R.F. Egerton, “Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in the Electron Microscope”, Plenum Press, New York (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  13. O.L. Krivanek and P.R. Swann, An advanced electron energy loss spectrometer, in “Quantitative microanalysis with high spatial resolution”, 136, The Metals Society London (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  14. D. Bouchet, C. Colliex, P. Flora, O.L. Krivanek, C. Mory and M. Tencé, Analytical electron microscopy at the atomic level with PEELS, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 1:443 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. N.D. Browning, M.F. Chisholm and SJ. Pennycook, Atomic-resolution chemical analysis using a scanning transmission electron microscope, Nature 366:143 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. D.A. Müller, Y. Tsou, R. Raj and J. Silcox, Mapping sp2 and sp3 states at sub-nanometre spatial resolution, Nature 366:725 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. P.E. Batson, Simultaneous STEM imaging and electron energy-loss spectroscopy with atomic-column sensitivity, Nature 366:727 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. P.E. Batson, High resolution electron energy-loss spectrometer for the STEM, Rev. Sci. Instr. 57:43 (1986).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. O.L. Krivanek, C.C. Ahn and R.B. Keeney, Parallel-detection electron energy-loss spectrometer using quadrupole lenses, Ultramicroscopy 22:103 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. P.E. Batson, Electronic structure in confined volumes using spatially resolved EEL scattering, Materials Science and Engineering B14:297 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. P.E. Batson, Carbon Is near-edge absorption fine structure in graphite, Phys. Rev. B 48:2608 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. C. Colliex, Electron energy loss spectroscopy on solids, in “International Tables for Crystallography”, Volume C Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Tables, 338, International Union of Crystallography, Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  23. R.D. Leapman, P.l. Fejes and J. Silcox, Orientation dependence of core edges from anisotropic materials determined by inelastic scattering of fast electrons, Phys. Rev. B 28:2361 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. P.E. Batson, K.L. Kavanagh, J.M. Woodall and J.W. Mayer, Observation of defect electronic states associated with misfit dislocations at the GaAs/GalnAs interface, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57:2729 (1986).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. P. Schattschneider, The dielectric description of inelastic electron scattering, Ultramicroscopy 28:1 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. R. D. Leapman, EELS quantitative analysis, in “Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry in Materials Science”, M.M. Disko, C.C. Ahn and B. Fultz eds. p.47, TMS Warrendale, Pa 15086 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  27. F. Hofer, Determination of inner-shell cross-sections for EELS quantification, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:215 (1992).

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. C. Colliex, T. Manoubi and C. Ortiz, EELS near-edge fine structures in the iron-oxygen system, Phys. Rev. B 44:11402 (1991).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. R.D. Leapman and D.E. Newbury, Trace analysis of transition elements and rare earths by PEELS, Proc. EMSA meeting 1250 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  30. O.L. Krivanek, C. Mory, M. Tencé and C. Colliex, EELS quantification near the single-atom limit, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:257 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. C. Colliex, The impact of EELS in materials science, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:403 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Kurata and C. Colliex, Electron-energy-loss core-edge structures in manganese oxides, Phys.Rev.B 48:2102 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. J.A. Tosseil, D.J. Vaughan and K.H. Johnson, The electronic structure of rutile, wustite and hematite from MO calculations, Am. Mineralogist 59:319 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  34. R. Brydson, H. Sauer and W. Engel, Electron energy-loss near-edge fine structure as an analytical tool: The study of minerals, In “Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry in Materials Science”, M.M. Disko, C.C. Ahn and B. Fultz eds., p. 131, TMS Warrendale, Pa 15086 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  35. M.V. Ryzhkov, V.A. Gubanov, Yu.A. Teterin and A.S. Baev, Electronic structure, chemical bonding and x-ray photoelectron spectra of light rare-earth oxides, Z. Phys. B Cond. Matt. 59:1 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. H. Kurata, E. Lefèvre, C. Colliex and R. Brydson, EELS near-edge structures in the oxygen K-edge spectra of transition-metal oxides, Phys. Rev. B 47:13763 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. J. Stohr, F. Sette and A.L. Johnson, Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure studies of chemisorbed hydrocarbons: bond lengths with a ruler, Phys. Rev. Lett.. 53:1684 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. P. Rez, Energy loss fine structure, in “Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry in Materials Science”, M.M. Disko, C.C. Ahn and B. Fultz eds. TMS, Warrendale, Pa 15086 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  39. X. Weng, P. Rez and P.E. Batson, Single electron calculations for the Si L23 near edge structure, Sol. State Comm. 74:1013 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. G.A. Sawatzky, Theoretical description of near edge EELS and XAS spectra, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:153 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. F.M.F. de Groot, J.C. Fuggle, B.T. Thole and G.A. Sawatzky, 2p x-ray absorption of 3d transition-metal compounds: an atomic multiplet description including the crystal field, Phys. Rev.B 42:5459(1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. G. van der Laan and I.W. Kirkman, The 2p absorption spectra of 3d transition metal compounds in tetrahedral and octahedral symmetry, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 4:4189 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. B.T. Thole and G. van der Laan, Branching ratio in x-ray absorption spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. 5 38:3158 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. C. Colliex, Spatially-resolved electron energy-loss spectrometry, in “Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry in Materials Science”, M.M. Disko, C.C. Ahn and B. Fultz eds. p.85, TMS Warrendale, Pa 15086 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  45. F.M.F. de Groot, X-ray absorption and dichroism of transition metals and their compounds, to be published in Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  46. T.I. Morrison, M.B. Brodsky, N.J. Zaluzec and L.R. Sill, Iron d-band occupancy in amorphous FexGe1-x, Phys.Rev. B 32:3107 (1985).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. D.M. Pease, S.D. Bader, M.B. Brodsky, J.I. Budnick, T.I. Morrison and N.J. Zaluzec, Anomalous L3/L2 white line ratios and spin pairing in 3d transition metals and alloys: Cr metal and Cr20Au80, Phys. Lett. 114A:491 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. T.I. Morrison, C.L. Foiles, D.M. Pease and N.J. Zaluzec, Relationships between local order and magnetic behavior in amorphous Fe0.3 Y0.7: Extended x-ray absorption fine structure and susceptibility, Phys. Rev. B 36:3739 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. H. Kurata and N. Tanaka, Iron L23 white line ratio in nm-sized y-iron crystallites embedded in MgO, Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. 2:283 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  50. C. Jeanguillaume and C. Colliex, Spectrum-image: the next step in EELS digital acquisition and processing, Ultramicroscopy 28:252(1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. C. Colliex, M. Tencé, E. Lefèvre, C. Mory, H. Gu, D. Bouchet and C. Jeanguillaume, Electron energy-loss spectrometry mapping, Mikrochim. Acta 114/115:71 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. C. Colliex, E. Lefèvre and M. Tencé, High spatial resolution mapping of EELS fine structures, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 138:25 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  53. M. Tencé, M. Quartuccio and C. Colliex, PEELS compositional profiling and mapping at nanometer spatial resolution, to be published in Ultramicroscopy (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  54. P. Ajayan, C. Colliex, J.M. Lambert, P. Bernier, L. Barbedette, M. Tencé and O. Stephan, Growth of manganese filled nanofibers in the vapor phase, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72:1722 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. K. Yu-Zhang, G. Boisjolly, J. Rivory, L. Kilian and C. Colliex, Characterization of TiO2/SiO2 multilayers by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, to be published in the Proceedings of Int. Conf. Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, San Diego (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  56. A. Albu-Yaron, S. Bastide, D. Bouchet, N. Brun, C. Colliex and C. Lévy-Clément, Nanostructural and nanochemical investigation of luminescent photoelectrochemically etched porous n-type silicon J. Phys. I France 4:1181 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. P. Bayle, T. Deutsch, B. Gilles, F. Lançon, A. Marty, J. Thibault, C. Colliex and M. Tencé, HREM observations, PEELS analysis and numerical simulations of Au/Ni MBE multilayers, to be published in Proc. MRS Society, Boston (Dec 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  58. P. Bayle, T. Deutsch, B. Gilles, F. Lançon, A. Marty and J. Thibault, Au/Ni MBE multilayers: quantitative analysis at the atomic scale of the deformation and of the chemical profiles, to be published in Ultramicros copy (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  59. V.J. Nithianandam and S.E. Schnatterly, Soft x-ray emission and inelastic electron scattering study of the electronic excitations in amorphous and crystalline silicon dioxide, Phys. Rev. B 38:5547 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. L.M. Brown, The ultimate analysis, Nature 366:721 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. C. Colliex, Energy-loss spectroscopy looks up, Physics World Vol. 7, N°5, 27 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  62. D. Blavette, A. Bostel, J.M. Sarrau, B. Deconihout and A. Menand, An atom probe for three-dimensional tomography, Nature 363:432 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Physique des Solides associé au CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Bâtiment 510, 91405, Orsay, France

    Christian Colliex

Authors
  1. Christian Colliex
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Paul S. Bagus

  2. University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Gianfranco Pacchioni

  3. CISE SpA, Milan, Italy

    Fulvio Parmigiani

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Colliex, C. (1995). Investigation of Local Electronic Properties in Solids by Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy. In: Bagus, P.S., Pacchioni, G., Parmigiani, F. (eds) Core Level Spectroscopies for Magnetic Phenomena. NATO ASI Series, vol 345. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9871-5_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9871-5_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9873-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9871-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation