Abstract
When a majority group assumes the power of instituting norms from which minority groups are seen to deviate, differences between these groups become institutionalized. Difference is then perceived as a deficit, or as a failure to meet the standards of the majority. The institutionalization of differences between individuals and between groups creates stereotypes which reduce the full humanity of the individual to a few selected deviant traits. The stereotyping of minority individuals and groups often leads to severe social limitations and to considerable psychological disempowerment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
de Monteflores, C., & Schultz, S. (1978). Coming out: Similarities and differences for lesbians and gay men. Journal of Social Issues, 34 (3), 59–72.
Evans, A. (1978). Witchcraft and the gay counterculture. Boston: Fag Rag Books.
Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Goldberg, A. (Ed.). (1978). The psychology of the self: A casebook with the collaboration of Heinz Kohut. New York: International Universities Press.
Jourard, S. (1964). The transparent self. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
Katz, J. (1976). Gay American history. New York: Thomas Crowell.
Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self. New York: International Universities Press. Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
Searles, H. (1979). Countertransference and related subjects. New York: International Universities Press.
Whorf, B. L. (1956). An American Indian model of the universe. In J. B. Carroll (Ed.), Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
de Monteflores, C. (1986). Notes on the Management of Difference. In: Stein, T.S., Cohen, C.J. (eds) Contemporary Perspectives on Psychotherapy with Lesbians and Gay Men. Critical Issues in Psychiatry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9832-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9832-6_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9834-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9832-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive