Abstract
The inducible transcription factor, AP-1, is a heterodimeric leucine zipper complex containing the protein products of thefos and jun protooncogenes. The DNA binding activity of Fos and Jun is regulated in vitro by a posttranslational mechanism involving reduction-oxidation. Redox regulation is mediated through a conserved cysteine residue located in the DNA binding domain of both proteins. Oxidation or chemical modification of the cysteine has an inhibitory effect on AP-1 DNA binding activity. Conversely, reduction of this residue by chemical reducing agents or by a ubiquitous nuclear redox factor (Ref-1), purified and cloned from human cells, stimulates AP-1 DNA binding activity. In addition, recombinant Ref-1 stimulates the DNA binding activity of several other classes of redox regulated transcription factors. Immunodepletion studies indicate that Ref-1 is the major AP-1 redox activity in Hela cells. Interestingly, Ref-1 is a bifunctional protein; it also possesses an apurinic/apyrimidinic (A/P) endonuclease DNA repair activity. However, the redox and DNA repair activities of Ref-1 are physically and biochemically distinguishable. Ref-1 may represent a novel component of the signal transduction processes that regulate eukaryotic gene expression in response to cellular stress.
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Xanthoudakis, S., Curran, T. (1996). Redox Regulation of Ap-1. In: Snyder, R., et al. Biological Reactive Intermediates V. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 387. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9480-9_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9480-9_10
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