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The Reduction of Sulfate and the Oxidation of Sulfide

  • Chapter
Biochemistry of Sulfur

Part of the book series: Biochemistry of the Elements ((BOTE,volume 6))

Abstract

The sulfhydryl-containing amino acids, Met and Cys, are needed by all life forms for protein synthesis and a myriad other tasks. Under the oxidizing conditions found over most of this planet, sulfur is present in the geosphere in the form of sulfate. Reduction of sulfate is expensive, requiring approximately 840 kJ·mol−1. The inability of multicellular animals to reduce sulfate to sulfide is part of a general lack of reductive capability. Such organisms are also unable to reduce nitrate to ammonia (142 kJ·mol−1) and carbon dioxide to carbohydrate (460 kJ·mol−1). The animal kingdom must rely on the plant and bacterial kingdoms for provision of the reduced forms of these elements.

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    Ryan J. Huxtable

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Huxtable, R.J. (1986). The Reduction of Sulfate and the Oxidation of Sulfide. In: Biochemistry of Sulfur. Biochemistry of the Elements, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9438-0_2

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