Abstract
Synthetic yttrium aluminum and yttrium iron garnets, respectively. These materials were developed in the mid-1960s. They are pressed and sintered polycrystalline ceramics and are made by a solid-state reaction of Y2O3 with iron oxide or aluminum oxide. Garnets operate in microwave bandpass (filters) circulators and isolators in telephone, radar, and space-communication networks. The original electronic use led to the development of single-crystal yttrium aluminum garnets which approach the brilliance and hardness of diamond. Yttrium oxide is the base for neodymium-doped laser crystals. See also Neodymium; Rare-Earth Elements and Metals; and Yttrium.
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Additional Reading
Gschneidner, K., Jr., and B. J. Beaudry: “Ytterbium” in Vol. 2, “Metals Handbook,” ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, 1979.
Spedding, F. H. H.: “Ytterbium,” in “McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Chemistry,” McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983.
Staff: “Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1993.
Peterson, D.T.: “Yttrium” in Vol. 2, “Metals Handbook,” ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, 1979.
Spedding, E H, E H.: “Yttrium,” in “McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Chemistry,” McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983.
Staff: “Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1993.
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Considine, D.M., Considine, G.D. (1995). Y. In: Considine, D.M., Considine, G.D. (eds) Van Nostrand’s Scientific Encyclopedia. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6918-0_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6918-0_25
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