Skip to main content

Circadian Dyschronism and Chronotypic Ecophilia as Factors in Aging and Longevity

  • Chapter
Aging and Biological Rhythms

Part of the book series: Advances in experimental medicine and biology ((AEMB,volume 108))

Abstract

By “circadian dyschronism” we mean the absence of a strong daily rhythm in an organism where normally one is found (Halberg, 1973; Ehret and Dobra, 1976). Ecophilia (from ekos, home, and philia, liking) means satisfaction with one’s immediate environment (Meinert et al., 1975). But the warm-loving thermophiles and sun-loving photophiles of this world display the constancy of fickle lovers; their affections are usually turned on and off in a temporal fashion that is circadian and chronotypic — that is to say time-of-day dependent or, more precisely (and whether they “know it” or not), dependent upon the phase of the organism’s circadian cell cycle (Bunning, 1973; Ehret, 1974; Ehret et al., 1977).

Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy

We wish to dedicate this paper to the memory of Philip K. Wrigley, sportsman and octogenarian (1894-1977), whose philanthropic concerns for urban neighborhoods included preservation of the national oasis for daytime-only baseball at Wrigley Field in Chicago, thereby setting examples in chronotypic ecophilia and resource conservation for players, spectators, and concerned citizens alike.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aschoff, J., Saint-Paul, U.V. and Wever, R. Die lebensdauer von fliegen unter dem einfluss von zeit-verschiebungen. Naturwissenschaften 58: 574, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Axelrod, J. The pineal gland: A neurochemical transducer. Sci. 184: 1341–1348, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black, I.B. and Axelrod, J. The regulation of some biochemical circadian rhythms. In: Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Vol. 1, G. Litwack, ed. Academic Press, New York, pp 135–155, 1970.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Black, I., Axelrod, J. and Reiss, D.J. Hypothalamic regulation of the daily rhythm in hepatic tyrosine transaminase activity. Nature 230: 185–187, 1971.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blum, J.J. An adrenergic control system in Tetvahymena. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 58: 81–88, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunney, W.J. Jr. The current status of research in the catecholamine theories of affective disorders. Psycholpharmacol. Commun. 1: 599–609, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bunning, E. The Physiological Clock; Circadian Rhythms and Bio-logical Chronometry. Springer, New York, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comfort, A. A Good Age, Crown Publ., New York, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotzias, G.C., Miller, S.T., Nicholson, A.B. Jr, Maston, W.H. and Tang, L.C. Prolongation of the life-span in mice adapted to large amounts of 1-dopa. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 71: 2466–2469, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J.A. and Redfern, P.H. The effects of hallucinogenic drugs on maze exploration in the rat over a 24-hour period. Br. J. Pharmacol. 49: 121–127, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, J.A., Navaratman, V. and Redfern, P.H. The effect of phase-shift on the passive avoidance response in rats, and the modifying effect of chlordiazepoxide. J. Pharm. Pharmac. 25: 129P (Suppl.), 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobra, K.W. and Ehret, CF. Circadian regulation of glycogen, tyrosine aminotransferase, and several respiratory parameters in sold agar cultures of Tetrahymena pyriformis. In: XII International Conference Proceedings, International Society for Chronobiology. Publishing House, Il Ponte, Milan, pp 589–594, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. The sense of time: Evidence for its molecular basis in the eukaryotic gene-action system. Adv. Biol. Med. Phys. 15: 47–77, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. and Dobra, K.W,. The separate and simultaneous use of food and of theophylline as chronobiotics in the rat. Annual Report. Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, ANL 75-30, pp 200-201, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. and Dobra, K.W. The oncogenic implications of chronobiotics in the synchronization of mammalian circadian rhythms: Barbiturates and methylated xanthines. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on the Detection and Prevention of Cancer, N.E. Nieburgs, ed. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 1101–1114, 1977a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. and Dobra, K.W. The infradian eukaryotic cell: A circadian energy-reserve escapement. In: XII International Conference Proceedings, International Society for Chronobiology. Publishing House, Il Ponte, Milan, pp 563–570, 1977b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. and Potter, V.R. Circadian chronotypic induction of tyrosine aminotransferase and depletion of glycogen by theophylline in the rat. Int. J. Chronobiol. 2: 321–326, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F. and Wille, J.J. The photobiology of circadian rhythms in protozoa and other eukaryotic microorganisms. In: Photo-biology of Microorganisms, P. Halldal, ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 369–415, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F., Potter, V.R. and Dobra, K.W. Chronotypic action of theophylline and of pentobarbital as circadian Zeitgebers in the rat. Sci. 188: 1212–1215, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehret, C.F., Meinert, J.C., Groh, K.R., Dobra, K.W. and Antipa, G.A. Circadian regulation: Growth kinetics of the infradian cell. In: Growth Kinetics and Biochemical Regulation of Normal and Malignant Cells, B. Drewinko and R.M. Humphrey, eds. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, pp 49–76, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Englemann, W. A slowing down of circadian rhythms by lithium ions. Z. Naturforsch. 286: 733–736, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, J.F. Circadian periodicity in Neurospora: Alteration by inhibitors of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. Sci. 190: 789–790, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernstrom, J.D. and Wurtman, R.J. Brain serotonin content: Physiological regulation by plasma neutral amino acids. Sci. 178: 414–416, 1972.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernstrom, J.D. and Wurtman, R.J. Nutrition and the brain. Sci. Am. 230: 84–91, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halberg, F. Chronobiology. In: Annual Review of Physiology, Vol. 31, V.E. Hall, ed. Annual Review, Inc., Palo Alto, Calif., pp 675–725, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halberg, F. Chronobiologic Glossary. Int. J. Chronobiol. 1: 31–63, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halberg, F. Biologic rhythms. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Vol. 54, L.W. Hedlund, J.M. Franz and A.D. Kenny, eds. Plenum Press, New York, pp 1–41, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halberg, F., Nelson, W., Runge, W. and Schmitt, O.H. Delay of circadian rhythm in rat temperature by phase-shift of lighting regimen is faster than advance. Fed. Proc, Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 26: 599, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halberg, F., Nelson, W., Runge, W.J., Schmitt, O., Pitts, G.C., Tremor, J. and Reynolds, O.E. Plan for orbital study in rat biorhythms and results of interest beyond the biosatellite program. Space Life Sci. 2: 434–471, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardeland, R., Hohmann, D. and Rensing, L. The rhythmic organization of rodent liver: A review. J. Interdiscip. Cycle Res. 4: 89–118, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haus, E. and Halberg, F. Circadian acrophases of human eosinophil rhythm in patients with progressive or remitting rheumatoid arthritis, as compared to patients with osteroarthritis and healthy subjects. Rass. Neurol. Veg. 21: 227–234, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haus, E. and Halberg, F. Phase-shifting of circadian rhythms in rectal temperature, serum corticosterone and liver glycogen of the male C-mouse. Rass. Neurol. Veg. 23: 83–112, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, M., Kawachi, T. and Rudney, H. The mechanism of the diurnal variation of hepatic HMB-CoA reductase activity in the rat. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 45: 138–144, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hillman, W.S. Injury of tomato plants by continuous light and unfavorable photoperiodic cycles. Amer. J. Bot. 43: 89–96, 1956.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, H.A., Bonney, R.J., Walker, P.R., Yager, J.D. Jr. and Potter, V.R. Food and light as separate entrainment signals for rat liver enzymes. In: Advances in Enzyme Regulation, Vol. 11, G. Weber, ed. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 169–189, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, E.A., Small, S.M., Winter, P.M. and Alvis, H.A. Hyper-baric oxygen effect on cognition and behavior in the aged. Curr. Psychiatr. Ther. 11: 100–106, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janakidevi, K., Dewey, V.C. and Kidder, G.W. The biosynthesis of catecholamines in two genera of protozoa. J. Biol. Chem. 241: 2567–2578, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarvik, L.F. The aging central nervous system: Clinical aspects. Aging 1: 1–8, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenner, F.A. Chronobiology and the clinical psychiatrist: The current position. Chronobiologia 1: 151–160, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, D.T. Circadian pituitary adrenal rhythms. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Vol. 54. L.W. Hedlund, J.M. Franz and A.D. Kenney, eds. Plenum Press, New York, pp 169–184, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane, M.D. Procaine HCL (Gerovital H-3): A weak, reversible, fully competitive inhibitor of monoamine oxidase. In: Biology of Aging and Development, G.J. Thornbecke, ed. Plenum Press, New York, pp 213–218, 1975.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mandell, A.J. and Knapp. S. Current research in the indoleamine hypothesis of affective disorders. Psychopharm. Commun. 1: 587–597, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, W. and Scherer, I. Phase-shifting effect of caffeine in the circadian rhythm of Phaseolus coccineus L. Z. Naturforschung 30C: 855–856, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meinert, J.C., Ehret, C.F. and Antipa, G.A. Circadian chronotypic death in heat-synchronized infradian mode cultures of Tetrahymena pyriformis W. Microbial. Ecol. 2: 201–214, 1975.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miyake, A. Cell interaction in conjugation of ciliates. In: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 49–77, 1974.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J.E. and Peraino, C. Immunochemical studies of serine dehydratase and ornithine aminotransferase regulation in rat liver in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 2571–2578, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pauly, J.E. and Scheving, L.E. Temporal variations in susceptibility of white rats to pentobarbital sodium and tremorine. Int. J. Neuropharmacol. 3: 651–658, 1964.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peraino, C., Fry, R.J.M. and Staffeldt, E. Reduction and enhancement by phenobarbital of hepatocarcinogenesis induced in the rat by 2-acetylaminofluorene. Cancer Res. 31: 1506–1512, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peraino, C., Fry, R.J.M. and Staffeldt, E. Enhancement of spontaneous hepatic tumorigenesis in C3H mice by dietary phenobarbital. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51: 1349–1350, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peraino, C., Morris, J.E. and Shenoy, S.T. Evidence for different mechanisms in the circadian and glucocorticoid control of rat liver ornithine aminotransferase synthesis. Life Sciences 19: 1435–1438, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peret, J., Chanez, M. and Pascal, G. Schedule of protein ingestion and circadian rhythm of certain hepatic enzyme activities involved in glucose metabolism in the rat. Nutr. Metabol. 20: 143–157, 1976.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pflug, B. The effect of sleep deprivation on depressed patients. Acta. Psychiat. Scand. 53: 148–158, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pittendrigh, C.S. and Minis, D.H. Circadian systems: Longevity as a function of circadian resonance in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 69: 1537–1539, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potter, V.R. Environmentally induced metabolic oscillations as a challenge to tumor autonomy. In: Homologies in Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways. Metabolic Alterations in Cancer, W.J. Whelan and J. Schultz, eds. North-Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, pp 291–313, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potter, V.R., Baril, E.F., Watanabe, M. and Little, E.D. Systemanabe, M. and Little, E.D. Systematic oscillation in metabolic function in liver from rats adapted to controlled feeding schedules. Fed. Proc. 27: 1238–1245, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, D.S. Changes in monoamine oxidase and monoamines with human development and aging. In: Biology of Aging and Development, G.J. Thornbecke, ed. Plenum Press, New York, pp 203–211, 1975.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Romero, J.A. Influence of diurnal cycles on biochemical parameters of drug sensitivity: The pineal gland as a model. Fed. Proc. 35: 1157–1161, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenzweig, Z. and Kindler, S.H. Epinephrine and serotonin activation of adenyl cyclase from Tetrahymena pyriformis. FEBS Lett. 25: 221–223, 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, M.H. and Bras, G. Lasting influence of early caloric restriction on prevalence of neoplasma in the rat. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47: 1095–1113, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakalis, G, Oh, D., Gershon, S. and Shopsin, B. A trial of gero-vital H-3 in depression during senility. Curr. Therapeutic Res. 16: 59–63, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samis, H.V. Jr. Aging: the loss of temporal organization. Persp. Biol. Med. 12: 95–102, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shih, J.C. Multiple forms of monoamine oxidase and aging. Aging 1: 191–198, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstone, T. Appetite and food intake. Life. Sciences Research Report 2. Dahlem Konferenzen, Abakon Verlagsgesellschaft, Berlin, pp 1–498, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sulzman, F.M., Fuller, C.A. and Moore-Ede, M.C. Feeding time synchronizes primate circadian rhythms. Physiology and Behavior, 1977 (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Terry, O.W. and Edmunds, L.N. Rhythmic settling, induced by temperature cycles in continuously-stirred autotrophic cultures of Euglena gracilis (Z strain). Planta (Berlin) 93: 128–142, 1970.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Went, F.W. The periodic aspect of photoperiodism and thermoperiodicity. In: Photoperiodism and Related Phenomena in Plants and Animals, R.B. Withrow, ed. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, D.C., pp 551–564, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wille, J.J. and Ehret, C.F. Light entrainment of an endogenous circadian rhythm of cell division in Tetrahymena. J. Protozool. 15: 785–789, 1968.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ehret, C.F., Groh, K.R., Meinert, J.C. (1978). Circadian Dyschronism and Chronotypic Ecophilia as Factors in Aging and Longevity. In: Samis, H.V., Capobianco, S. (eds) Aging and Biological Rhythms. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, vol 108. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4460-6_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4460-6_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-4462-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-4460-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics