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Fibers

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Composite Materials

Part of the book series: Materials Research and Engineering ((MATERIALS))

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Abstract

Reinforcements need not necessarily be in the form of long fibers. One can have them in the form of particles, flakes, whiskers, discontinuous fibers, continuous fibers, and sheets. It turns out that the great majority of materials is stronger and stiffer in the fibrous form than in any other form: thus the great attraction of fibrous reinforcements. Specifically, in this category, we are most interested in the so-called advanced fibers which possess very high strength and very high stiffness coupled with a very low density. The reader should realize that many naturally occurring fibers can be and are used in situations involving not very high stresses [1,2]. The great advantage in this case, of course, is that of low cost. The vegetable kingdom is, in fact, the largest source of fibrous materials. Cellulosic fibers in the form of cotton, flax, jute, hemp, sisal, and ramie, for example, have been used in the textile industry, while wood and straw have been used in the paper industry. Other natural fibers, such as hair, wool, and silk, consist of different forms of protein. Any discussions of such fibers are beyond the scope of this book. The interested reader, however, is directed to a good review article by Meredith [3].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA

    Prof. Krishan Kumar Chawla

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  1. Prof. Krishan Kumar Chawla
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© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Chawla, K.K. (1987). Fibers. In: Composite Materials. Materials Research and Engineering. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3912-1_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3912-1_2

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-3914-5

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