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Anatomy and Histology of the Uterine Corpus

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Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract

Abstract

The first comprehensive description of the external anatomy of the human uterus was made by the Greek physician Soranus of Ephesus in the second century A.D. 77 Until the Renaissance in Europe, several misconceptions prevailed about the function and internal anatomy of the uterus. For example, it was believed that the cervix had a spongy consistency similar to that of the lungs and served the function of respiration. The theory of a multicompartmentalized uterus with seven chambers was held for centuries, until the anatomy of the uterus became better known when dissection of cadavers became a part of medical practice. Leonardo da Vinci in the 15th century and Vesalius in the 16th century demonstrated that the human uterus had a single cavity lined by decidua and supported by muscular layers. In the 18th century, William Hunter described the gestational uterus including the placenta and the uteroplacental vascular system. Development of histology and microscopy led to an explosive growth of knowledge of the uterus, with detailed descriptions of the embryology by Müller in the 19th century and hormone-mediated cyclic endometrial changes by Hitschmann and Adler and later by Robert Schroeder in the early 20th century.

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  1. Alex Ferenczy M.D.
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  1. Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital and The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Robert J. Kurman M.D.

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Ferenczy, A. (1994). Anatomy and Histology of the Uterine Corpus. In: Kurman, R.J. (eds) Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3889-6_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3889-6_9

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