Abstract
The postpartum period, originally thought to encompass only the first 6 weeks after childbirth, frequently continues for a much longer time.1,2 It is a stage defined not only by involution of the uterus and healing of perineal tissues but also by changes in other body systems, including the breasts, endocrine organs, integument, and respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. In addition, for many women the months after childbirth are characterized by profound changes in energy, mental health, and general well-being. Other family members may also experience physical and emotional changes, so the postpartum period is both an individual and a family event. To support individuals through this transition, it is important that health care providers give effective “routine” care, recognize and manage early and delayed postpartum problems as they occur, and provide education to families that optimizes their health during this time.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Tulman L, Fawcett J. Return of functional ability after childbirth. Nurs Res 1988;37:77–81.
Gjerdingen DK, Froberg DG, Chaloner KM, McGovern PM. Changes in women’s physical health during the first postpartum year. Arch Fam Med 1993;2:277–83.
Ostgaard HC, Andersson GB. Postpartum low-back pain. Spine 1992;17:53–5.
Hopkins J, Marcus M, Campbell SB. Postpartum depression: a critical review. Psychol Bull 1984;95:498–515.
Graef P, McGhee K, Rozycki J, et al. Postpartum concerns of breastfeeding mothers. Nurse Midwif 1988;33(2):62–6.
Leigh DA, Emmanuel FXS, Sedgwick J, Dean R. Post-operative urinary tract infection and wound infection in women undergoing caesarean section: a comparison of two study periods in 1985 and 1987. J Hosp Infect 1990;15:107–16.
Calhoun BC, Brost B. Emergency management of sudden puerperal fever. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1995;22: 357–67.
Monga M, Oshiro BT. Puerperal infections. Semin Perinatol 1993;17:426–31.
Gould JS, Wissinger HA. Carpal tunnel syndrome in pregnancy. South Med J 1978;71:144–5.
Saultz JW, Toffler WL, Shackles JY. Postpartum urinary retention. J Am Board Fam Pract 1991;4:341–4.
Gilbert L, Porter W, Brown VA. Postpartum hemorrhage—a continuing problem. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1987;94:67–71.
Miller JM. Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in cesarean section. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1988; 15:629–38.
Cunningham FG, MacDonald PC, Gant NF, Leveno KJ, Gilstrap LC. Williams obstetrics. 19th ed. Norwalk, CT: Apple-ton & Lange, 1993.
Paraskevaides EC. Deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy and the puerperium. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 1989;29: 220–4.
Acheson LS, Danner SC. Postpartum care and breast-feeding. Prim Care 1993;20:729–47.
Saarikoski S. Contraception during lactation. Ann Med 1993; 25:181–4.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Diagnosis and management of postpartum hemorrhage. Washington, DC: ACOG, 1990. Publication 143.
Yamashita Y, Takahashi M, Ito M, Okamura H. Transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of postpartum hemorrhage due to genital tract injury. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77:160–3.
Greenwood LH, Glickman MG, Schwartz PE, Morse SS, Denny DF. Obstetric and nonmalignant gynecologic bleeding: treatment with angiographic embolization. Radiology 1987;164:155–9.
Thompson JD, Rock JA. Te Linde’s operative gynecology. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1992.
Gruis M. Beyond maternity: postpartum concerns of mothers. Am J Matern Child Nurs 1977;2:182–8.
Harrison MJ, Hicks SA. Postpartum concerns of mothers and their sources of help. Can J Public Health 1983;74:325–8.
Atkinson LS, Baxley EG. Postpartum fatigue. Am Fam Physician 1994;50:113–18.
Wand JS. The natural history of carpal tunnel syndrome in lactation. J R Soc Med 1989;82:349–50.
Gjerdingen DK, Chaloner KM. The relationship of women’s postpartum mental health to employment, childbirth, and social support. J Fam Pract 1994;38:465–72.
Briggs GG, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. Drugs in pregnancy and lactation. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1994.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Thyroid disease in pregnancy. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1993;43:82–8. ACOG Technical Bulletin 181.
Clinton JF. Physical and emotional responses of expectant fathers throughout pregnancy and the early postpartum period. Int J Nurs Stud 1987;24:59–68.
Lacoursiere RB. Fatherhood and mental illness: a review and new material. Psychiatr Q 1972;46:109–24.
Griffin EW, De La Torre C. Sibling jealousy: the family with a new baby. Am Fam Physician 1983;28:143–6.
Belsky J, Pensky E. Marital change across the transition to parenthood. Marriage Fam Rev 1988;12:133–56.
Fischman SH, Rankin EA, Soeken KL, Lenz ER. Changes in sexual relationships in postpartum couples. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 1986;Jan/Feb:58–63.
Reamy KJ, White SE. Sexuality in the puerperium: a review. Arch Sex Behav 1987;16:165–86.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gjerdingen, D.K. (1998). Postpartum Care. In: Taylor, R.B., David, A.K., Johnson, T.A., Phillips, D.M., Scherger, J.E. (eds) Family Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4_15
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-2949-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2947-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive